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TURBOSTAT(8)                System Manager's Manual               TURBOSTAT(8)

NAME
       turbostat - Report processor frequency and idle statistics
SYNOPSIS
       turbostat [Options] command
       turbostat [Options] [--interval seconds]
DESCRIPTION
       turbostat  reports processor topology, frequency, idle power-state sta-
       tistics, temperature and power on X86 processors.  There are  two  ways
       to invoke turbostat.  The first method is to supply a command, which is
       forked and statistics are printed in one-shot upon its completion.  The
       second method is to omit the command, and turbostat displays statistics
       every 5 seconds interval.  The 5-second interval can be  changed  using
       the --interval option.
       Some information is not available on older processors.
   Options
       Options  can be specified with a single or double '-', and only as much
       of the option name as necessary to disambiguate it from others is  nec-
       essary.  Note that options are case-sensitive.
       --add attributes add column with counter having specified 'attributes'.
       The 'location' attribute is required, all others are optional.
            location: {msrDDD | msr0xXXX | /sys/path...}
                 msrDDD is a decimal offset, eg. msr16
                 msr0xXXX is a hex offset, eg. msr0x10
                 /sys/path... is an absolute path to a sysfs attribute
            scope: {cpu | core | package}
                 sample and print the counter for every cpu, core, or package.
                 default: cpu
            size: {u32 | u64 }
                 MSRs are read as 64-bits, u32 truncates the displayed value to 32-bits.
                 default: u64
            format: {raw | delta | percent}
                 'raw' shows the MSR contents in hex.
                 'delta' shows the difference in values during the measurement interval.
                 'percent' shows the delta as a percentage of the cycles elapsed.
                 default: delta
            name: "name_string"
                 Any string that does not match a key-word above is used
                 as the column header.
       --cpu cpu-set limit output to system summary plus  the  specified  cpu-
       set.  If cpu-set is the string "core", then the system summary plus the
       first CPU in each core are printed -- eg. subsequent  HT  siblings  are
       not  printed.   Or  if cpu-set is the string "package", then the system
       summary plus the first CPU in each package is printed.  Otherwise,  the
       system summary plus the specified set of CPUs are printed.  The cpu-set
       is ordered from low to high, comma delimited with ".." and "-"  permit-
       ted to denote a range. eg. 1,2,8,14..17,21-44
       --hide  column  do  not  show  the  specified built-in columns.  May be
       invoked multiple times, or with a comma-separated list of column names.
       Use "--hide sysfs" to hide the sysfs statistics columns as a group.
       --enable  column  show the specified built-in columns, which are other-
       wise disabled, by default.  Currently the only built-in  counters  dis-
       abled   by   default  are  "usec",  "Time_Of_Day_Seconds",  "APIC"  and
       "X2APIC".  The column name "all" can be used to enable all disabled-by-
       default built-in counters.
       --show column show only the specified built-in columns.  May be invoked
       multiple times, or with a comma-separated list of  column  names.   Use
       "--show sysfs" to show the sysfs statistics columns as a group.
       --Dump displays the raw counter values.
       --quiet  Do not decode and print the system configuration header infor-
       mation.
       --interval seconds overrides the default 5.0 second measurement  inter-
       val.
       --num_iterations num number of the measurement iterations.
       --out  output_file  turbostat  output  is written to the specified out-
       put_file.  The file is truncated if it already exists, and it  is  cre-
       ated if it does not exist.
       --help displays usage for the most common parameters.
       --Joules displays energy in Joules, rather than dividing Joules by time
       to print power in Watts.
       --list display column header names available  for  use  by  --show  and
       --hide, then exit.
       --Summary limits output to a 1-line System Summary for each interval.
       --TCC temperature sets the Thermal Control Circuit temperature for sys-
       tems which do not export that value.  This is used for making sense  of
       the  Digital  Thermal  Sensor  outputs,  as they return degrees Celsius
       below the TCC activation temperature.
       --version displays the version.
       The command parameter forks command, and upon its  exit,  displays  the
       statistics gathered since it was forked.
ROW DESCRIPTIONS
       The  system  configuration dump (if --quiet is not used) is followed by
       statistics.  The first row of the statistics labels the content of each
       column  (below).   The  second  row of statistics is the system summary
       line.  The system summary line has a '-' in the columns for  the  Pack-
       age, Core, and CPU.  The contents of the system summary line depends on
       the type of column.  Columns that count items (eg. IRQ)  show  the  sum
       across all CPUs in the system.  Columns that show a percentage show the
       average across all CPUs in the system.  Columns that dump raw MSR  val-
       ues  simply  show 0 in the summary.  After the system summary row, each
       row describes a specific Package/Core/CPU.   Note  that  if  the  --cpu
       parameter is used to limit which specific CPUs are displayed, turbostat
       will still collect statistics for all CPUs in the system and will still
       show the system summary for all CPUs in the system.
COLUMN DESCRIPTIONS
       usec For each CPU, the number of microseconds elapsed during counter collection, including thread migration -- if any.  This counter is disabled by default, and is enabled with "--enable usec", or --debug.  On the summary row, usec refers to the total elapsed time to collect the counters on all cpus.
       Time_Of_Day_Seconds For each CPU, the gettimeofday(2) value (seconds.subsec since Epoch) when the counters ending the measurement interval were collected.  This column is disabled by default, and can be enabled with "--enable Time_Of_Day_Seconds" or "--debug".  On the summary row, Time_Of_Day_Seconds refers to the timestamp following collection of counters on the last CPU.
       Core processor core number.  Note that multiple CPUs per core indicate support for Intel(R) Hyper-Threading Technology (HT).
       CPU Linux CPU (logical processor) number.  Yes, it is okay that on many systems the CPUs are not listed in numerical order -- for efficiency reasons, turbostat runs in topology order, so HT siblings appear together.
       Package processor package number -- not present on systems with a single processor package.
       Avg_MHz number of cycles executed divided by time elapsed.  Note that this includes idle-time when 0 instructions are executed.
       Busy% percent of the measurement interval that the CPU executes instructions, aka. % of time in "C0" state.
       Bzy_MHz average clock rate while the CPU was not idle (ie. in "c0" state).
       TSC_MHz average MHz that the TSC ran during the entire interval.
       IRQ The number of interrupts serviced by that CPU during the measurement interval.  The system total line is the sum of interrupts serviced across all CPUs.  turbostat parses /proc/interrupts to generate this summary.
       SMI The number of System Management Interrupts  serviced CPU during the measurement interval.  While this counter is actually per-CPU, SMI are triggered on all processors, so the number should be the same for all CPUs.
       C1, C2, C3... The number times Linux requested the C1, C2, C3 idle state during the measurement interval.  The system summary line shows the sum for all CPUs.  These are C-state names as exported in /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu*/cpuidle/state*/name.  While their names are generic, their attributes are processor specific. They the system description section of output shows what MWAIT sub-states they are mapped to on each system.
       C1%, C2%, C3% The residency percentage that Linux requested C1, C2, C3....  The system summary is the average of all CPUs in the system.  Note that these are software, reflecting what was requested.  The hardware counters reflect what was actually achieved.
       CPU%c1, CPU%c3, CPU%c6, CPU%c7 show the percentage residency in hardware core idle states.  These numbers are from hardware residency counters.
       CoreTmp Degrees Celsius reported by the per-core Digital Thermal Sensor.
       PkgTtmp Degrees Celsius reported by the per-package Package Thermal Monitor.
       GFX%rc6 The percentage of time the GPU is in the "render C6" state, rc6, during the measurement interval. From /sys/class/drm/card0/power/rc6_residency_ms.
       GFXMHz Instantaneous snapshot of what sysfs presents at the end of the measurement interval. From /sys/class/graphics/fb0/device/drm/card0/gt_cur_freq_mhz.
       Pkg%pc2, Pkg%pc3, Pkg%pc6, Pkg%pc7 percentage residency in hardware package idle states.  These numbers are from hardware residency counters.
       PkgWatt Watts consumed by the whole package.
       CorWatt Watts consumed by the core part of the package.
       GFXWatt Watts consumed by the Graphics part of the package -- available only on client processors.
       RAMWatt Watts consumed by the DRAM DIMMS -- available only on server processors.
       PKG_% percent of the interval that RAPL throttling was active on the Package.
       RAM_% percent of the interval that RAPL throttling was active on DRAM.
TOO MUCH INFORMATION EXAMPLE
       By  default,  turbostat dumps all possible information -- a system con-
       figuration header, followed by columns for all counters.  This is ideal
       for  remote  debugging,  use the "--out" option to save everything to a
       text file, and get that file to the expert helping you debug.
PERIODIC EXAMPLE
       When you are not interested in all that information, and there are sev-
       eral  ways  to see only what you want.  First the "--quiet" option will
       skip the configuration information, and turbostat will  show  only  the
       counter  columns.  Second, you can reduce the columns with the "--hide"
       and "--show" options.  If you use the "--show" option,  then  turbostat
       will  show  only the columns you list.  If you use the "--hide" option,
       turbostat will show all columns, except the ones you list.
       To find out what columns are  available  for  --show  and  --hide,  the
       "--list"  option  is  available.   For convenience, the special strings
       "sysfs" can be used to refer to all of the sysfs  C-state  counters  at
       once:
       sudo ./turbostat --show sysfs --quiet sleep 10
       10.003837 sec
            C1   C1E  C3   C6   C7s  C1%  C1E% C3%  C6%  C7s%
            4    21   2    2    459  0.14 0.82 0.00 0.00 98.93
            1    17   2    2    130  0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 99.80
            0    0    0    0    31   0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 99.95
            2    1    0    0    52   1.14 6.49 0.00 0.00 92.21
            1    2    0    0    52   0.00 0.08 0.00 0.00 99.86
            0    0    0    0    71   0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 99.89
            0    0    0    0    25   0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 99.96
            0    0    0    0    74   0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 99.94
            0    1    0    0    24   0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 99.84
ONE SHOT COMMAND EXAMPLE
       If  turbostat  is invoked with a command, it will fork that command and
       output the statistics gathered after the command exits.  In this  case,
       turbostat  output  goes  to  stderr, by default.  Output can instead be
       saved to a file using the --out option.  In this  example,  the  "sleep
       10"  command  is  forked, and turbostat waits for it to complete before
       saving all statistics into "ts.out".  Note that "sleep 10" is not  part
       of  turbostat, but is simply an example of a command that turbostat can
       fork.  The "ts.out" file is what you want to edit in a very  wide  win-
       dow, paste into a spreadsheet, or attach to a bugzilla entry.
       [root@hsw]# ./turbostat -o ts.out sleep 10
       [root@hsw]#

PERIODIC INTERVAL EXAMPLE
       Without  a  command  to fork, turbostat displays statistics ever 5 sec-
       onds.  Periodic output goes to stdout, by default, unless --out is used
       to  specify  an output file.  The 5-second interval can be changed with
       the "-i sec" option.
       sudo ./turbostat --quiet --hide sysfs,IRQ,SMI,CoreTmp,PkgTmp,GFX%rc6,GFXMHz,PkgWatt,CorWatt,GFXWatt
            Core CPU  Avg_MHz   Busy%     Bzy_MHz   TSC_MHz   CPU%c1    CPU%c3    CPU%c6    CPU%c7
            -    -    488  12.52     3900 3498 12.50     0.00 0.00 74.98
            0    0    5    0.13 3900 3498 99.87     0.00 0.00 0.00
            0    4    3897 99.99     3900 3498 0.01
            1    1    0    0.00 3856 3498 0.01 0.00 0.00 99.98
            1    5    0    0.00 3861 3498 0.01
            2    2    1    0.02 3889 3498 0.03 0.00 0.00 99.95
            2    6    0    0.00 3863 3498 0.05
            3    3    0    0.01 3869 3498 0.02 0.00 0.00 99.97
            3    7    0    0.00 3878 3498 0.03
            Core CPU  Avg_MHz   Busy%     Bzy_MHz   TSC_MHz   CPU%c1    CPU%c3    CPU%c6    CPU%c7
            -    -    491  12.59     3900 3498 12.42     0.00 0.00 74.99
            0    0    27   0.69 3900 3498 99.31     0.00 0.00 0.00
            0    4    3898 99.99     3900 3498 0.01
            1    1    0    0.00 3883 3498 0.01 0.00 0.00 99.99
            1    5    0    0.00 3898 3498 0.01
            2    2    0    0.01 3889 3498 0.02 0.00 0.00 99.98
            2    6    0    0.00 3889 3498 0.02
            3    3    0    0.00 3856 3498 0.01 0.00 0.00 99.99
            3    7    0    0.00 3897 3498 0.01
       This example also shows the use of the --hide option  to  skip  columns
       that  are  not  wanted.  Note that cpu4 in this example is 99.99% busy,
       while the other CPUs are all under 1% busy.  Notice that cpu4's HT sib-
       ling  is  cpu0,  which  is under 1% busy, but can get into CPU%c1 only,
       because its cpu4's activity on shared hardware keeps it from entering a
       deeper C-state.

SYSTEM CONFIGURATION INFORMATION EXAMPLE
       By  default,  turbostat  always  dumps system configuration information
       before taking measurements.  In the example above, "--quiet" is used to
       suppress that output.  Here is an example of the configuration informa-
       tion:
       turbostat version 2017.02.15 - Len Brown <lenb AT kernel.org>
       CPUID(0): GenuineIntel 13 CPUID levels; family:model:stepping 0x6:3c:3 (6:60:3)
       CPUID(1): SSE3 MONITOR - EIST TM2 TSC MSR ACPI-TM TM
       CPUID(6): APERF, TURBO, DTS, PTM, No-HWP, No-HWPnotify, No-HWPwindow, No-HWPepp, No-HWPpkg, EPB
       cpu4: MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE: 0x00850089 (TCC EIST No-MWAIT PREFETCH TURBO)
       CPUID(7): No-SGX
       cpu4: MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT: 0x00400000 (ENable-EIST_Coordination DISable-EPB DISable-OOB)
       RAPL: 3121 sec. Joule Counter Range, at 84 Watts
       cpu4: MSR_PLATFORM_INFO: 0x80838f3012300
       8 * 100.0 = 800.0 MHz max efficiency frequency
       35 * 100.0 = 3500.0 MHz base frequency
       cpu4: MSR_IA32_POWER_CTL: 0x0004005d (C1E auto-promotion: DISabled)
       cpu4: MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT: 0x25262727
       37 * 100.0 = 3700.0 MHz max turbo 4 active cores
       38 * 100.0 = 3800.0 MHz max turbo 3 active cores
       39 * 100.0 = 3900.0 MHz max turbo 2 active cores
       39 * 100.0 = 3900.0 MHz max turbo 1 active cores
       cpu4: MSR_CONFIG_TDP_NOMINAL: 0x00000023 (base_ratio=35)
       cpu4: MSR_CONFIG_TDP_LEVEL_1: 0x00000000 ()
       cpu4: MSR_CONFIG_TDP_LEVEL_2: 0x00000000 ()
       cpu4: MSR_CONFIG_TDP_CONTROL: 0x80000000 ( lock=1)
       cpu4: MSR_TURBO_ACTIVATION_RATIO: 0x00000000 (MAX_NON_TURBO_RATIO=0 lock=0)
       cpu4: MSR_PKG_CST_CONFIG_CONTROL: 0x1e000400 (UNdemote-C3, UNdemote-C1, demote-C3, demote-C1, UNlocked: pkg-cstate-limit=0: pc0)
       cpu4: POLL: CPUIDLE CORE POLL IDLE
       cpu4: C1: MWAIT 0x00
       cpu4: C1E: MWAIT 0x01
       cpu4: C3: MWAIT 0x10
       cpu4: C6: MWAIT 0x20
       cpu4: C7s: MWAIT 0x32
       cpu4: MSR_MISC_FEATURE_CONTROL: 0x00000000 (L2-Prefetch L2-Prefetch-pair L1-Prefetch L1-IP-Prefetch)
       cpu0: MSR_IA32_ENERGY_PERF_BIAS: 0x00000006 (balanced)
       cpu0: MSR_CORE_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, 0x31200000 (Active: ) (Logged: Transitions, MultiCoreTurbo, Amps, Auto-HWP, )
       cpu0: MSR_GFX_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, 0x00000000 (Active: ) (Logged: )
       cpu0: MSR_RING_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, 0x0d000000 (Active: ) (Logged: Amps, PkgPwrL1, PkgPwrL2, )
       cpu0: MSR_RAPL_POWER_UNIT: 0x000a0e03 (0.125000 Watts, 0.000061 Joules, 0.000977 sec.)
       cpu0: MSR_PKG_POWER_INFO: 0x000002a0 (84 W TDP, RAPL 0 - 0 W, 0.000000 sec.)
       cpu0: MSR_PKG_POWER_LIMIT: 0x428348001a82a0 (UNlocked)
       cpu0: PKG Limit #1: ENabled (84.000000 Watts, 8.000000 sec, clamp DISabled)
       cpu0: PKG Limit #2: ENabled (105.000000 Watts, 0.002441* sec, clamp DISabled)
       cpu0: MSR_PP0_POLICY: 0
       cpu0: MSR_PP0_POWER_LIMIT: 0x00000000 (UNlocked)
       cpu0: Cores Limit: DISabled (0.000000 Watts, 0.000977 sec, clamp DISabled)
       cpu0: MSR_PP1_POLICY: 0
       cpu0: MSR_PP1_POWER_LIMIT: 0x00000000 (UNlocked)
       cpu0: GFX Limit: DISabled (0.000000 Watts, 0.000977 sec, clamp DISabled)
       cpu0: MSR_IA32_TEMPERATURE_TARGET: 0x00641400 (100 C)
       cpu0: MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_STATUS: 0x884c0800 (24 C)
       cpu0: MSR_IA32_THERM_STATUS: 0x884c0000 (24 C +/- 1)
       cpu1: MSR_IA32_THERM_STATUS: 0x88510000 (19 C +/- 1)
       cpu2: MSR_IA32_THERM_STATUS: 0x884e0000 (22 C +/- 1)
       cpu3: MSR_IA32_THERM_STATUS: 0x88510000 (19 C +/- 1)
       cpu4: MSR_PKGC3_IRTL: 0x00008842 (valid, 67584 ns)
       cpu4: MSR_PKGC6_IRTL: 0x00008873 (valid, 117760 ns)
       cpu4: MSR_PKGC7_IRTL: 0x00008891 (valid, 148480 ns)
       The max efficiency frequency, a.k.a. Low Frequency Mode,  is  the  fre-
       quency  available at the minimum package voltage.  The TSC frequency is
       the base frequency of the processor --  this  should  match  the  brand
       string  in /proc/cpuinfo.  This base frequency should be sustainable on
       all CPUs indefinitely, given nominal power and cooling.  The  remaining
       rows  show  what  maximum  turbo frequency is possible depending on the
       number of idle cores.  Note that not all information  is  available  on
       all processors.
ADD COUNTER EXAMPLE
       Here we limit turbostat to showing just the CPU number for cpu0 - cpu3.
       We  add  a  counter  showing  the  32-bit  raw  value  of   MSR   0x199
       (MSR_IA32_PERF_CTL),  labeling  it  with the column header, "PRF_CTRL",
       and display it only once, afte the conclusion of a 0.1 second sleep.
       sudo ./turbostat --quiet --cpu 0-3 --show CPU --add msr0x199,u32,raw,PRF_CTRL sleep .1
       0.101604 sec
       CPU    PRF_CTRL
       -    0x00000000
       0    0x00000c00
       1    0x00000800
       2    0x00000a00
       3    0x00000800
       ot including any non-busy idle time.

INPUT
       For interval-mode, turbostat will immediately end the current  interval
       when  it  sees  a newline on standard input.  turbostat will then start
       the next interval.  Control-C will be send a SIGINT to turbostat, which
       will immediately abort the program with no further processing.
SIGNALS
       SIGINT  will interrupt interval-mode.  The end-of-interval data will be
       collected and displayed before turbostat exits.
       SIGUSR1 will end current interval, end-of-interval data  will  be  col-
       lected and displayed before turbostat starts a new interval.
NOTES
       turbostat  must  be  run as root.  Alternatively, non-root users can be
       enabled to run turbostat this way:
       # setcap cap_sys_rawio=ep ./turbostat
       # chmod +r /dev/cpu/*/msr
       turbostat reads hardware counters, but doesn't write them.  So it  will
       not interfere with the OS or other programs, including multiple invoca-
       tions of itself.
       turbostat may work poorly on  Linux-2.6.20  through  2.6.29,  as  acpi-
       cpufreq periodically cleared the APERF and MPERF MSRs in those kernels.
       AVG_MHz  = APERF_delta/measurement_interval.  This is the actual number
       of elapsed cycles divided by the entire sample  interval  --  including
       idle  time.  Note that this calculation is resilient to systems lacking
       a non-stop TSC.
       TSC_MHz = TSC_delta/measurement_interval.  On a system with an  invari-
       ant  TSC,  this  value will be constant and will closely match the base
       frequency value shown in the brand string in /proc/cpuinfo.  On a  sys-
       tem  where  the  TSC stops in idle, TSC_MHz will drop below the proces-
       sor's base frequency.
       Busy% = MPERF_delta/TSC_delta
       Bzy_MHz = TSC_delta/APERF_delta/MPERF_delta/measurement_interval
       Note that these calculations depend on TSC_delta, so they are not reli-
       able  during  intervals  when  TSC_MHz  is not running at the base fre-
       quency.
       Turbostat data collection is not atomic.  Extremely  short  measurement
       intervals  (much  less than 1 second), or system activity that prevents
       turbostat from being able to run on all CPUS to quickly  collect  data,
       will result in inconsistent results.
       The APERF, MPERF MSRs are defined to count non-halted cycles.  Although
       it is not guaranteed by the architecture, turbostat assumes  that  they
       count at TSC rate, which is true on all processors tested to date.

REFERENCES
       Volume 3B: System Programming Guide" http://www.intel.com/products/pro-
       cessor/manuals/

FILES
       /dev/cpu/*/msr

SEE ALSO
       msr(4), vmstat(8)
AUTHOR
       Written by Len Brown <len.brown AT intel.com>

                                                                  TURBOSTAT(8)