signtool(category30-tips-tricks-fragen.html) - phpMan

SIGNTOOL(1)                   NSS Security Tools                   SIGNTOOL(1)

NAME
       signtool - Digitally sign objects and files.
SYNOPSIS
       signtool [[-b basename]] [[-c Compression Level]] [[-d cert-dir]]
                [[-e extension]] [[-f filename]] [[-i installer script]]
                [[-h]] [[-H]] [[-v]] [[-w]] [[-G nickname]] [[-J]]
                [[-j directory]] [-k keyName] [[--keysize | -s size]] [[-l]]
                [[-L]] [[-M]] [[-m metafile]] [[--norecurse]] [[-O]] [[-o]]
                [[--outfile]] [[-p password]] [[-t|--token tokenname]] [[-z]]
                [[-X]] [[-x name]] [[--verbose value]] [[--leavearc]]
                [[-Z jarfile]] [directory-tree] [archive]
STATUS
       This documentation is still work in progress. Please contribute to the
       initial review in Mozilla NSS bug 836477[1]
DESCRIPTION
       The Signing Tool, signtool, creates digital signatures and uses a Java
       Archive (JAR) file to associate the signatures with files in a
       directory. Electronic software distribution over any network involves
       potential security problems. To help address some of these problems,
       you can associate digital signatures with the files in a JAR archive.
       Digital signatures allow SSL-enabled clients to perform two important
       operations:
       * Confirm the identity of the individual, company, or other entity
       whose digital signature is associated with the files
       * Check whether the files have been tampered with since being signed
       If you have a signing certificate, you can use Netscape Signing Tool to
       digitally sign files and package them as a JAR file. An object-signing
       certificate is a special kind of certificate that allows you to
       associate your digital signature with one or more files.
       An individual file can potentially be signed with multiple digital
       signatures. For example, a commercial software developer might sign the
       files that constitute a software product to prove that the files are
       indeed from a particular company. A network administrator manager might
       sign the same files with an additional digital signature based on a
       company-generated certificate to indicate that the product is approved
       for use within the company.
       The significance of a digital signature is comparable to the
       significance of a handwritten signature. Once you have signed a file,
       it is difficult to claim later that you didn't sign it. In some
       situations, a digital signature may be considered as legally binding as
       a handwritten signature. Therefore, you should take great care to
       ensure that you can stand behind any file you sign and distribute.
       For example, if you are a software developer, you should test your code
       to make sure it is virus-free before signing it. Similarly, if you are
       a network administrator, you should make sure, before signing any code,
       that it comes from a reliable source and will run correctly with the
       software installed on the machines to which you are distributing it.
       Before you can use Netscape Signing Tool to sign files, you must have
       an object-signing certificate, which is a special certificate whose
       associated private key is used to create digital signatures. For
       testing purposes only, you can create an object-signing certificate
       with Netscape Signing Tool 1.3. When testing is finished and you are
       ready to disitribute your software, you should obtain an object-signing
       certificate from one of two kinds of sources:
       * An independent certificate authority (CA) that authenticates your
       identity and charges you a fee. You typically get a certificate from an
       independent CA if you want to sign software that will be distributed
       over the Internet.
       * CA server software running on your corporate intranet or extranet.
       Netscape Certificate Management System provides a complete management
       solution for creating, deploying, and managing certificates, including
       CAs that issue object-signing certificates.
       You must also have a certificate for the CA that issues your signing
       certificate before you can sign files. If the certificate authority's
       certificate isn't already installed in your copy of Communicator, you
       typically install it by clicking the appropriate link on the
       certificate authority's web site, for example on the page from which
       you initiated enrollment for your signing certificate. This is the case
       for some test certificates, as well as certificates issued by Netscape
       Certificate Management System: you must download the the CA certificate
       in addition to obtaining your own signing certificate. CA certificates
       for several certificate authorities are preinstalled in the
       Communicator certificate database.
       When you receive an object-signing certificate for your own use, it is
       automatically installed in your copy of the Communicator client
       software. Communicator supports the public-key cryptography standard
       known as PKCS #12, which governs key portability. You can, for example,
       move an object-signing certificate and its associated private key from
       one computer to another on a credit-card-sized device called a smart
       card.
OPTIONS
       -b basename
           Specifies the base filename for the .rsa and .sf files in the
           META-INF directory to conform with the JAR format. For example, -b
           signatures causes the files to be named signatures.rsa and
           signatures.sf. The default is signtool.
       -c#
           Specifies the compression level for the -J or -Z option. The symbol
           # represents a number from 0 to 9, where 0 means no compression and
           9 means maximum compression. The higher the level of compression,
           the smaller the output but the longer the operation takes. If the
           -c# option is not used with either the -J or the -Z option, the
           default compression value used by both the -J and -Z options is 6.
       -d certdir
           Specifies your certificate database directory; that is, the
           directory in which you placed your key3.db and cert7.db files. To
           specify the current directory, use "-d." (including the period).
           The Unix version of signtool assumes ~/.netscape unless told
           otherwise. The NT version of signtool always requires the use of
           the -d option to specify where the database files are located.
       -e extension
           Tells signtool to sign only files with the given extension; for
           example, use -e".class" to sign only Java class files. Note that
           with Netscape Signing Tool version 1.1 and later this option can
           appear multiple times on one command line, making it possible to
           specify multiple file types or classes to include.
       -f commandfile
           Specifies a text file containing Netscape Signing Tool options and
           arguments in keyword=value format. All options and arguments can be
           expressed through this file. For more information about the syntax
           used with this file, see "Tips and Techniques".
       -G nickname
           Generates a new private-public key pair and corresponding
           object-signing certificate with the given nickname. The newly
           generated keys and certificate are installed into the key and
           certificate databases in the directory specified by the -d option.
           With the NT version of Netscape Signing Tool, you must use the -d
           option with the -G option. With the Unix version of Netscape
           Signing Tool, omitting the -d option causes the tool to install the
           keys and certificate in the Communicator key and certificate
           databases. If you are installing the keys and certificate in the
           Communicator databases, you must exit Communicator before using
           this option; otherwise, you risk corrupting the databases. In all
           cases, the certificate is also output to a file named x509.cacert,
           which has the MIME-type application/x-x509-ca-cert. Unlike
           certificates normally used to sign finished code to be distributed
           over a network, a test certificate created with -G is not signed by
           a recognized certificate authority. Instead, it is self-signed. In
           addition, a single test signing certificate functions as both an
           object-signing certificate and a CA. When you are using it to sign
           objects, it behaves like an object-signing certificate. When it is
           imported into browser software such as Communicator, it behaves
           like an object-signing CA and cannot be used to sign objects. The
           -G option is available in Netscape Signing Tool 1.0 and later
           versions only. By default, it produces only RSA certificates with
           1024-byte keys in the internal token. However, you can use the -s
           option specify the required key size and the -t option to specify
           the token.
       -i scriptname
           Specifies the name of an installer script for SmartUpdate. This
           script installs files from the JAR archive in the local system
           after SmartUpdate has validated the digital signature. For more
           details, see the description of -m that follows. The -i option
           provides a straightforward way to provide this information if you
           don't need to specify any metadata other than an installer script.
       -J
           Signs a directory of HTML files containing JavaScript and creates
           as many archive files as are specified in the HTML tags. Even if
           signtool creates more than one archive file, you need to supply the
           key database password only once. The -J option is available only in
           Netscape Signing Tool 1.0 and later versions. The -J option cannot
           be used at the same time as the -Z option. If the -c# option is not
           used with the -J option, the default compression value is 6. Note
           that versions 1.1 and later of Netscape Signing Tool correctly
           recognizes the CODEBASE attribute, allows paths to be expressed for
           the CLASS and SRC attributes instead of filenames only, processes
           LINK tags and parses HTML correctly, and offers clearer error
           messages.
       -j directory
           Specifies a special JavaScript directory. This option causes the
           specified directory to be signed and tags its entries as inline
           JavaScript. This special type of entry does not have to appear in
           the JAR file itself. Instead, it is located in the HTML page
           containing the inline scripts. When you use signtool -v, these
           entries are displayed with the string NOT PRESENT.
       -k key ... directory
           Specifies the nickname (key) of the certificate you want to sign
           with and signs the files in the specified directory. The directory
           to sign is always specified as the last command-line argument.
           Thus, it is possible to write signtool -k MyCert -d . signdir You
           may have trouble if the nickname contains a single quotation mark.
           To avoid problems, escape the quotation mark using the escape
           conventions for your platform. It's also possible to use the -k
           option without signing any files or specifying a directory. For
           example, you can use it with the -l option to get detailed
           information about a particular signing certificate.
       -l
           Lists signing certificates, including issuing CAs. If any of your
           certificates are expired or invalid, the list will so specify. This
           option can be used with the -k option to list detailed information
           about a particular signing certificate. The -l option is available
           in Netscape Signing Tool 1.0 and later versions only.
       -L
           Lists the certificates in your database. An asterisk appears to the
           left of the nickname for any certificate that can be used to sign
           objects with signtool.
       --leavearc
           Retains the temporary .arc (archive) directories that the -J option
           creates. These directories are automatically erased by default.
           Retaining the temporary directories can be an aid to debugging.
       -m metafile
           Specifies the name of a metadata control file. Metadata is signed
           information attached either to the JAR archive itself or to files
           within the archive. This metadata can be any ASCII string, but is
           used mainly for specifying an installer script. The metadata file
           contains one entry per line, each with three fields: field #1: file
           specification, or + if you want to specify global metadata (that
           is, metadata about the JAR archive itself or all entries in the
           archive) field #2: the name of the data you are specifying; for
           example: Install-Script field #3: data corresponding to the name in
           field #2 For example, the -i option uses the equivalent of this
           line: + Install-Script: script.js This example associates a MIME
           type with a file: movie.qt MIME-Type: video/quicktime For
           information about the way installer script information appears in
           the manifest file for a JAR archive, see The JAR Format on Netscape
           DevEdge.
       -M
           Lists the PKCS #11 modules available to signtool, including smart
           cards. The -M option is available in Netscape Signing Tool 1.0 and
           later versions only. For information on using Netscape Signing Tool
           with smart cards, see "Using Netscape Signing Tool with Smart
           Cards". For information on using the -M option to verify FIPS-140-1
           validated mode, see "Netscape Signing Tool and FIPS-140-1".
       --norecurse
           Blocks recursion into subdirectories when signing a directory's
           contents or when parsing HTML.
       -o
           Optimizes the archive for size. Use this only if you are signing
           very large archives containing hundreds of files. This option makes
           the manifest files (required by the JAR format) considerably
           smaller, but they contain slightly less information.
       --outfile outputfile
           Specifies a file to receive redirected output from Netscape Signing
           Tool.
       -p password
           Specifies a password for the private-key database. Note that the
           password entered on the command line is displayed as plain text.
       -s keysize
           Specifies the size of the key for generated certificate. Use the -M
           option to find out what tokens are available. The -s option can be
           used with the -G option only.
       -t token
           Specifies which available token should generate the key and receive
           the certificate. Use the -M option to find out what tokens are
           available. The -t option can be used with the -G option only.
       -v archive
           Displays the contents of an archive and verifies the cryptographic
           integrity of the digital signatures it contains and the files with
           which they are associated. This includes checking that the
           certificate for the issuer of the object-signing certificate is
           listed in the certificate database, that the CA's digital signature
           on the object-signing certificate is valid, that the relevant
           certificates have not expired, and so on.
       --verbosity value
           Sets the quantity of information Netscape Signing Tool generates in
           operation. A value of 0 (zero) is the default and gives full
           information. A value of -1 suppresses most messages, but not error
           messages.
       -w archive
           Displays the names of signers of any files in the archive.
       -x directory
           Excludes the specified directory from signing. Note that with
           Netscape Signing Tool version 1.1 and later this option can appear
           multiple times on one command line, making it possible to specify
           several particular directories to exclude.
       -z
           Tells signtool not to store the signing time in the digital
           signature. This option is useful if you want the expiration date of
           the signature checked against the current date and time rather than
           the time the files were signed.
       -Z jarfile
           Creates a JAR file with the specified name. You must specify this
           option if you want signtool to create the JAR file; it does not do
           so automatically. If you don't specify -Z, you must use an external
           ZIP tool to create the JAR file. The -Z option cannot be used at
           the same time as the -J option. If the -c# option is not used with
           the -Z option, the default compression value is 6.
THE COMMAND FILE FORMAT
       Entries in a Netscape Signing Tool command file have this general
       format: keyword=value Everything before the = sign on a single line is
       a keyword, and everything from the = sign to the end of line is a
       value. The value may include = signs; only the first = sign on a line
       is interpreted. Blank lines are ignored, but white space on a line with
       keywords and values is assumed to be part of the keyword (if it comes
       before the equal sign) or part of the value (if it comes after the
       first equal sign). Keywords are case insensitive, values are generally
       case sensitive. Since the = sign and newline delimit the value, it
       should not be quoted.
       Subsection
       basename
           Same as -b option.
       compression
           Same as -c option.
       certdir
           Same as -d option.
       extension
           Same as -e option.
       generate
           Same as -G option.
       installscript
           Same as -i option.
       javascriptdir
           Same as -j option.
       htmldir
           Same as -J option.
       certname
           Nickname of certificate, as with -k and -l -k options.
       signdir
           The directory to be signed, as with -k option.
       list
           Same as -l option. Value is ignored, but = sign must be present.
       listall
           Same as -L option. Value is ignored, but = sign must be present.
       metafile
           Same as -m option.
       modules
           Same as -M option. Value is ignored, but = sign must be present.
       optimize
           Same as -o option. Value is ignored, but = sign must be present.
       password
           Same as -p option.
       keysize
           Same as -s option.
       token
           Same as -t option.
       verify
           Same as -v option.
       who
           Same as -w option.
       exclude
           Same as -x option.
       notime
           Same as -z option. value is ignored, but = sign must be present.
       jarfile
           Same as -Z option.
       outfile
           Name of a file to which output and error messages will be
           redirected. This option has no command-line equivalent.
EXTENDED EXAMPLES
       The following example will do this and that
       Listing Available Signing Certificates
       You use the -L option to list the nicknames for all available
       certificates and check which ones are signing certificates.
           signtool -L
           using certificate directory: /u/jsmith/.netscape
           S Certificates
           - ------------
             BBN Certificate Services CA Root 1
             IBM World Registry CA
             VeriSign Class 1 CA - Individual Subscriber - VeriSign, Inc.
             GTE CyberTrust Root CA
             Uptime Group Plc. Class 4 CA
           * Verisign Object Signing Cert
             Integrion CA
             GTE CyberTrust Secure Server CA
             AT&T Directory Services
           * test object signing cert
             Uptime Group Plc. Class 1 CA
             VeriSign Class 1 Primary CA
           - ------------
           Certificates that can be used to sign objects have *'s to their left.
       Two signing certificates are displayed: Verisign Object Signing Cert
       and test object signing cert.
       You use the -l option to get a list of signing certificates only,
       including the signing CA for each.
           signtool -l
           using certificate directory: /u/jsmith/.netscape
           Object signing certificates
           ---------------------------------------
           Verisign Object Signing Cert
               Issued by: VeriSign, Inc. - Verisign, Inc.
               Expires: Tue May 19, 1998
           test object signing cert
               Issued by: test object signing cert (Signtool 1.0 Testing
           Certificate (960187691))
               Expires: Sun May 17, 1998
           ---------------------------------------
       For a list including CAs, use the -L option.
       Signing a File
       1. Create an empty directory.
           mkdir signdir
       2. Put some file into it.
           echo boo > signdir/test.f
       3. Specify the name of your object-signing certificate and sign the
       directory.
           signtool -k MySignCert -Z testjar.jar signdir
           using key "MySignCert"
           using certificate directory: /u/jsmith/.netscape
           Generating signdir/META-INF/manifest.mf file..
           --> test.f
           adding signdir/test.f to testjar.jar
           Generating signtool.sf file..
           Enter Password or Pin for "Communicator Certificate DB":
           adding signdir/META-INF/manifest.mf to testjar.jar
           adding signdir/META-INF/signtool.sf to testjar.jar
           adding signdir/META-INF/signtool.rsa to testjar.jar
           tree "signdir" signed successfully
       4. Test the archive you just created.
           signtool -v testjar.jar
           using certificate directory: /u/jsmith/.netscape
           archive "testjar.jar" has passed crypto verification.
                      status   path
                ------------   -------------------
                    verified   test.f
       Using Netscape Signing Tool with a ZIP Utility
       To use Netscape Signing Tool with a ZIP utility, you must have the
       utility in your path environment variable. You should use the zip.exe
       utility rather than pkzip.exe, which cannot handle long filenames. You
       can use a ZIP utility instead of the -Z option to package a signed
       archive into a JAR file after you have signed it:
           cd signdir
             zip -r ../myjar.jar *
             adding: META-INF/ (stored 0%)
             adding: META-INF/manifest.mf (deflated 15%)
             adding: META-INF/signtool.sf (deflated 28%)
             adding: META-INF/signtool.rsa (stored 0%)
             adding: text.txt (stored 0%)
       Generating the Keys and Certificate
       The signtool option -G generates a new public-private key pair and
       certificate. It takes the nickname of the new certificate as an
       argument. The newly generated keys and certificate are installed into
       the key and certificate databases in the directory specified by the -d
       option. With the NT version of Netscape Signing Tool, you must use the
       -d option with the -G option. With the Unix version of Netscape Signing
       Tool, omitting the -d option causes the tool to install the keys and
       certificate in the Communicator key and certificate databases. In all
       cases, the certificate is also output to a file named x509.cacert,
       which has the MIME-type application/x-x509-ca-cert.
       Certificates contain standard information about the entity they
       identify, such as the common name and organization name. Netscape
       Signing Tool prompts you for this information when you run the command
       with the -G option. However, all of the requested fields are optional
       for test certificates. If you do not enter a common name, the tool
       provides a default name. In the following example, the user input is in
       boldface:
           signtool -G MyTestCert
           using certificate directory: /u/someuser/.netscape
           Enter certificate information. All fields are optional. Acceptable
           characters are numbers, letters, spaces, and apostrophes.
           certificate common name: Test Object Signing Certificate
           organization: Netscape Communications Corp.
           organization unit: Server Products Division
           state or province: California
           country (must be exactly 2 characters): US
           username: someuser
           email address: someuser AT netscape.com
           Enter Password or Pin for "Communicator Certificate DB": [Password will not echo]
           generated public/private key pair
           certificate request generated
           certificate has been signed
           certificate "MyTestCert" added to database
           Exported certificate to x509.raw and x509.cacert.
       The certificate information is read from standard input. Therefore, the
       information can be read from a file using the redirection operator (<)
       in some operating systems. To create a file for this purpose, enter
       each of the seven input fields, in order, on a separate line. Make sure
       there is a newline character at the end of the last line. Then run
       signtool with standard input redirected from your file as follows:
           signtool -G MyTestCert inputfile
       The prompts show up on the screen, but the responses will be
       automatically read from the file. The password will still be read from
       the console unless you use the -p option to give the password on the
       command line.
       Using the -M Option to List Smart Cards
       You can use the -M option to list the PKCS #11 modules, including smart
       cards, that are available to signtool:
           signtool -d "c:\netscape\users\jsmith" -M
           using certificate directory: c:\netscape\users\username
           Listing of PKCS11 modules
           -----------------------------------------------
                1. Netscape Internal PKCS #11 Module
                            (this module is internally loaded)
                            slots: 2 slots attached
                            status: loaded
                  slot: Communicator Internal Cryptographic Services Version 4.0
                 token: Communicator Generic Crypto Svcs
                  slot: Communicator User Private Key and Certificate Services
                 token: Communicator Certificate DB
                2. CryptOS
                            (this is an external module)
            DLL name: core32
                 slots: 1 slots attached
                status: loaded
                  slot: Litronic 210
                 token:
                -----------------------------------------------
       Using Netscape Signing Tool and a Smart Card to Sign Files
       The signtool command normally takes an argument of the -k option to
       specify a signing certificate. To sign with a smart card, you supply
       only the fully qualified name of the certificate.
       To see fully qualified certificate names when you run Communicator,
       click the Security button in Navigator, then click Yours under
       Certificates in the left frame. Fully qualified names are of the format
       smart card:certificate, for example "MyCard:My Signing Cert". You use
       this name with the -k argument as follows:
           signtool -k "MyCard:My Signing Cert" directory
       Verifying FIPS Mode
       Use the -M option to verify that you are using the FIPS-140-1 module.
           signtool -d "c:\netscape\users\jsmith" -M
           using certificate directory: c:\netscape\users\jsmith
           Listing of PKCS11 modules
           -----------------------------------------------
             1. Netscape Internal PKCS #11 Module
                     (this module is internally loaded)
                     slots: 2 slots attached
                     status: loaded
               slot: Communicator Internal Cryptographic Services Version 4.0
              token: Communicator Generic Crypto Svcs
               slot: Communicator User Private Key and Certificate Services
              token: Communicator Certificate DB
           -----------------------------------------------
       This Unix example shows that Netscape Signing Tool is using a
       FIPS-140-1 module:
           signtool -d "c:\netscape\users\jsmith" -M
           using certificate directory: c:\netscape\users\jsmith
           Enter Password or Pin for "Communicator Certificate DB": [password will not echo]
           Listing of PKCS11 modules
           -----------------------------------------------
           1. Netscape Internal FIPS PKCS #11 Module
           (this module is internally loaded)
           slots: 1 slots attached
           status: loaded
           slot: Netscape Internal FIPS-140-1 Cryptographic Services
           token: Communicator Certificate DB
           -----------------------------------------------
SEE ALSO
       signver (1)
       The NSS wiki has information on the new database design and how to
       configure applications to use it.
       o   https://wiki.mozilla.org/NSS_Shared_DB_Howto
       o   https://wiki.mozilla.org/NSS_Shared_DB
ADDITIONAL RESOURCES
       For information about NSS and other tools related to NSS (like JSS),
       check out the NSS project wiki at
       http://www.mozilla.org/projects/security/pki/nss/. The NSS site relates
       directly to NSS code changes and releases.
       Mailing lists: https://lists.mozilla.org/listinfo/dev-tech-crypto
       IRC: Freenode at #dogtag-pki
AUTHORS
       The NSS tools were written and maintained by developers with Netscape,
       Red Hat, Sun, Oracle, Mozilla, and Google.
       Authors: Elio Maldonado <emaldona AT redhat.com>, Deon Lackey
       <dlackey AT redhat.com>.
LICENSE
       Licensed under the Mozilla Public License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL
       was not distributed with this file, You can obtain one at
       http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
NOTES
        1. Mozilla NSS bug 836477
           https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=836477

nss-tools 3.90.0                  Nov 13 2013                      SIGNTOOL(1)