huschi.net

MQ_NOTIFY(3)               Linux Programmer's Manual              MQ_NOTIFY(3)

NAME
       mq_notify - register for notification when a message is available
SYNOPSIS
       #include <mqueue.h>
       int mq_notify(mqd_t mqdes, const struct sigevent *sevp);
       Link with -lrt.
DESCRIPTION
       mq_notify()  allows  the  calling process to register or unregister for
       delivery of an asynchronous notification when a new message arrives  on
       the empty message queue referred to by the descriptor mqdes.
       The  sevp argument is a pointer to a sigevent structure.  For the defi-
       nition and general details of this structure, see sigevent(7).
       If sevp is a non-NULL pointer, then mq_notify() registers  the  calling
       process to receive message notification.  The sigev_notify field of the
       sigevent structure to which sevp points specifies how  notification  is
       to be performed.  This field has one of the following values:
       SIGEV_NONE
              A  "null" notification: the calling process is registered as the
              target for notification, but when a message arrives, no  notifi-
              cation is sent.
       SIGEV_SIGNAL
              Notify   the   process   by  sending  the  signal  specified  in
              sigev_signo.  See sigevent(7) for general details.  The  si_code
              field  of  the  siginfo_t structure will be set to SI_MESGQ.  In
              addition, si_pid will be set to the PID of the process that sent
              the  message,  and si_uid will be set to the real user ID of the
              sending process.
       SIGEV_THREAD
              Upon message delivery, invoke  sigev_notify_function  as  if  it
              were  the  start  function of a new thread.  See sigevent(7) for
              details.
       Only one process can be registered to receive notification from a  mes-
       sage queue.
       If  sevp  is  NULL,  and the calling process is currently registered to
       receive notifications for this message queue, then the registration  is
       removed; another process can then register to receive a message notifi-
       cation for this queue.
       Message notification occurs only when a new  message  arrives  and  the
       queue  was  previously  empty.   If the queue was not empty at the time
       mq_notify() was called, then a notification will occur only  after  the
       queue is emptied and a new message arrives.
       If another process or thread is waiting to read a message from an empty
       queue using mq_receive(3), then any message  notification  registration
       is  ignored:  the message is delivered to the process or thread calling
       mq_receive(3), and the message  notification  registration  remains  in
       effect.
       Notification  occurs once: after a notification is delivered, the noti-
       fication registration is removed, and another process can register  for
       message  notification.   If  the notified process wishes to receive the
       next notification, it can use mq_notify() to request a further  notifi-
       cation.   This  should be done before emptying all unread messages from
       the queue.  (Placing the queue in nonblocking mode is useful for empty-
       ing the queue of messages without blocking once it is empty.)
RETURN VALUE
       On  success mq_notify() returns 0; on error, -1 is returned, with errno
       set to indicate the error.
ERRORS
       EBADF  The descriptor specified in mqdes is invalid.
       EBUSY  Another process has already registered to  receive  notification
              for this message queue.
       EINVAL sevp->sigev_notify  is  not  one  of  the  permitted  values; or
              sevp->sigev_notify is SIGEV_SIGNAL and sevp->sigev_signo is  not
              a valid signal number.
       ENOMEM Insufficient memory.
       POSIX.1-2008  says  that an implementation may generate an EINVAL error
       if sevp is NULL, and the caller is not currently registered to  receive
       notifications for the queue mqdes.
CONFORMING TO
       POSIX.1-2001.
EXAMPLE
       The  following program registers a notification request for the message
       queue named in its command-line argument.  Notification is performed by
       creating a thread.  The thread executes a function which reads one mes-
       sage from the queue and then terminates the process.
       #include <pthread.h>
       #include <mqueue.h>
       #include <stdio.h>
       #include <stdlib.h>
       #include <unistd.h>
       #define handle_error(msg) \
           do { perror(msg); exit(EXIT_FAILURE); } while (0)
       static void                     /* Thread start function */
       tfunc(union sigval sv)
       {
           struct mq_attr attr;
           ssize_t nr;
           void *buf;
           mqd_t mqdes = *((mqd_t *) sv.sival_ptr);
           /* Determine max. msg size; allocate buffer to receive msg */
           if (mq_getattr(mqdes, &attr) == -1)
               handle_error("mq_getattr");
           buf = malloc(attr.mq_msgsize);
           if (buf == NULL)
               handle_error("malloc");
           nr = mq_receive(mqdes, buf, attr.mq_msgsize, NULL);
           if (nr == -1)
               handle_error("mq_receive");
           printf("Read %ld bytes from MQ\n", (long) nr);
           free(buf);
           exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);         /* Terminate the process */
       }
       int
       main(int argc, char *argv[])
       {
           mqd_t mqdes;
           struct sigevent sev;
           if (argc != 2) {
            fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s <mq-name>\n", argv[0]);
            exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
           }
           mqdes = mq_open(argv[1], O_RDONLY);
           if (mqdes == (mqd_t) -1)
               handle_error("mq_open");
           sev.sigev_notify = SIGEV_THREAD;
           sev.sigev_notify_function = tfunc;
           sev.sigev_notify_attributes = NULL;
           sev.sigev_value.sival_ptr = &mqdes;   /* Arg. to thread func. */
           if (mq_notify(mqdes, &sev) == -1)
               handle_error("mq_notify");
           pause();    /* Process will be terminated by thread function */
       }
SEE ALSO
       mq_close(3),  mq_getattr(3),  mq_open(3),  mq_receive(3),   mq_send(3),
       mq_unlink(3), mq_overview(7), sigevent(7)
COLOPHON
       This  page  is  part of release 3.53 of the Linux man-pages project.  A
       description of the project, and information about reporting  bugs,  can
       be found at http://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/.

Linux                             2010-10-04                      MQ_NOTIFY(3)