DGST(1) OpenSSL DGST(1)
NAME
openssl-dgst, dgst - perform digest operations
SYNOPSIS
openssl dgst [-digest] [-help] [-c] [-d] [-list] [-hex] [-binary] [-r]
[-out filename] [-sign filename] [-keyform arg] [-passin arg] [-verify
filename] [-prverify filename] [-signature filename] [-sigopt nm:v]
[-hmac key] [-fips-fingerprint] [-rand file...] [-engine id]
[-engine_impl] [file...]
openssl digest [...]
DESCRIPTION
The digest functions output the message digest of a supplied file or
files in hexadecimal. The digest functions also generate and verify
digital signatures using message digests.
The generic name, dgst, may be used with an option specifying the
algorithm to be used. The default digest is sha256. A supported
digest name may also be used as the command name. To see the list of
supported algorithms, use the list --digest-commands command.
OPTIONS
-help
Print out a usage message.
-digest
Specifies name of a supported digest to be used. To see the list of
supported digests, use the command list --digest-commands.
-c Print out the digest in two digit groups separated by colons, only
relevant if hex format output is used.
-d Print out BIO debugging information.
-list
Prints out a list of supported message digests.
-hex
Digest is to be output as a hex dump. This is the default case for
a "normal" digest as opposed to a digital signature. See NOTES
below for digital signatures using -hex.
-binary
Output the digest or signature in binary form.
-r Output the digest in the "coreutils" format, including newlines.
Used by programs like sha1sum.
-out filename
Filename to output to, or standard output by default.
-sign filename
Digitally sign the digest using the private key in "filename". Note
this option does not support Ed25519 or Ed448 private keys.
-keyform arg
Specifies the key format to sign digest with. The DER, PEM, P12,
and ENGINE formats are supported.
-sigopt nm:v
Pass options to the signature algorithm during sign or verify
operations. Names and values of these options are algorithm-
specific.
-passin arg
The private key password source. For more information about the
format of arg see "Pass Phrase Options" in openssl(1).
-verify filename
Verify the signature using the public key in "filename". The
output is either "Verification OK" or "Verification Failure".
-prverify filename
Verify the signature using the private key in "filename".
-signature filename
The actual signature to verify.
-hmac key
Create a hashed MAC using "key".
-mac alg
Create MAC (keyed Message Authentication Code). The most popular
MAC algorithm is HMAC (hash-based MAC), but there are other MAC
algorithms which are not based on hash, for instance gost-mac
algorithm, supported by ccgost engine. MAC keys and other options
should be set via -macopt parameter.
-macopt nm:v
Passes options to MAC algorithm, specified by -mac key. Following
options are supported by both by HMAC and gost-mac:
key:string
Specifies MAC key as alphanumeric string (use if key contain
printable characters only). String length must conform to any
restrictions of the MAC algorithm for example exactly 32 chars
for gost-mac.
hexkey:string
Specifies MAC key in hexadecimal form (two hex digits per
byte). Key length must conform to any restrictions of the MAC
algorithm for example exactly 32 chars for gost-mac.
-rand file...
A file or files containing random data used to seed the random
number generator. Multiple files can be specified separated by an
OS-dependent character. The separator is ; for MS-Windows, , for
OpenVMS, and : for all others.
[-writerand file]
Writes random data to the specified file upon exit. This can be
used with a subsequent -rand flag.
-fips-fingerprint
Compute HMAC using a specific key for certain OpenSSL-FIPS
operations.
-engine id
Use engine id for operations (including private key storage). This
engine is not used as source for digest algorithms, unless it is
also specified in the configuration file or -engine_impl is also
specified.
-engine_impl
When used with the -engine option, it specifies to also use engine
id for digest operations.
file...
File or files to digest. If no files are specified then standard
input is used.
EXAMPLES
To create a hex-encoded message digest of a file:
openssl dgst -md5 -hex file.txt
To sign a file using SHA-256 with binary file output:
openssl dgst -sha256 -sign privatekey.pem -out signature.sign file.txt
To verify a signature:
openssl dgst -sha256 -verify publickey.pem \
-signature signature.sign \
file.txt
NOTES
The digest mechanisms that are available will depend on the options
used when building OpenSSL. The list digest-commands command can be
used to list them.
New or agile applications should use probably use SHA-256. Other
digests, particularly SHA-1 and MD5, are still widely used for
interoperating with existing formats and protocols.
When signing a file, dgst will automatically determine the algorithm
(RSA, ECC, etc) to use for signing based on the private key's ASN.1
info. When verifying signatures, it only handles the RSA, DSA, or
ECDSA signature itself, not the related data to identify the signer and
algorithm used in formats such as x.509, CMS, and S/MIME.
A source of random numbers is required for certain signing algorithms,
in particular ECDSA and DSA.
The signing and verify options should only be used if a single file is
being signed or verified.
Hex signatures cannot be verified using openssl. Instead, use "xxd -r"
or similar program to transform the hex signature into a binary
signature prior to verification.
HISTORY
The default digest was changed from MD5 to SHA256 in OpenSSL 1.1.0.
The FIPS-related options were removed in OpenSSL 1.1.0.
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2000-2021 The OpenSSL Project Authors. All Rights Reserved.
Licensed under the OpenSSL license (the "License"). You may not use
this file except in compliance with the License. You can obtain a copy
in the file LICENSE in the source distribution or at
<https://www.openssl.org/source/license.html>;.
1.1.1k 2021-03-25 DGST(1)
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