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App::Cpan(3)          User Contributed Perl Documentation         App::Cpan(3)
NAME
       App::Cpan - easily interact with CPAN from the command line
SYNOPSIS
               # with arguments and no switches, installs specified modules
               cpan module_name [ module_name ... ]
               # with switches, installs modules with extra behavior
               cpan [-cfFimtTw] module_name [ module_name ... ]
               # use local::lib
               cpan -I module_name [ module_name ... ]
               # one time mirror override for faster mirrors
               cpan -p ...
               # with just the dot, install from the distribution in the
               # current directory
               cpan .
               # without arguments, starts CPAN.pm shell
               cpan
               # without arguments, but some switches
               cpan [-ahpruvACDLOPX]
DESCRIPTION
       This script provides a command interface (not a shell) to CPAN. At the
       moment it uses CPAN.pm to do the work, but it is not a one-shot command
       runner for CPAN.pm.
   Options
       -a  Creates a CPAN.pm autobundle with CPAN::Shell->autobundle.
       -A module [ module ... ]
           Shows the primary maintainers for the specified modules.
       -c module
           Runs a `make clean` in the specified module's directories.
       -C module [ module ... ]
           Show the Changes files for the specified modules
       -D module [ module ... ]
           Show the module details. This prints one line for each out-of-date
           module (meaning, modules locally installed but have newer versions
           on CPAN).  Each line has three columns: module name, local version,
           and CPAN version.
       -f  Force the specified action, when it normally would have failed. Use
           this to install a module even if its tests fail. When you use this
           option, -i is not optional for installing a module when you need to
           force it:
                   % cpan -f -i Module::Foo
       -F  Turn off CPAN.pm's attempts to lock anything. You should be careful
           with this since you might end up with multiple scripts trying to
           muck in the same directory. This isn't so much of a concern if
           you're loading a special config with "-j", and that config sets up
           its own work directories.
       -g module [ module ... ]
           Downloads to the current directory the latest distribution of the
           module.
       -G module [ module ... ]
           UNIMPLEMENTED
           Download to the current directory the latest distribution of the
           modules, unpack each distribution, and create a git repository for
           each distribution.
           If you want this feature, check out Yanick Champoux's
           "Git::CPAN::Patch" distribution.
       -h  Print a help message and exit. When you specify "-h", it ignores
           all of the other options and arguments.
       -i module [ module ... ]
           Install the specified modules. With no other switches, this switch
           is implied.
       -I  Load "local::lib" (think like "-I" for loading lib paths). Too bad
           "-l" was already taken.
       -j Config.pm
           Load the file that has the CPAN configuration data. This should
           have the same format as the standard CPAN/Config.pm file, which
           defines $CPAN::Config as an anonymous hash.
       -J  Dump the configuration in the same format that CPAN.pm uses. This
           is useful for checking the configuration as well as using the dump
           as a starting point for a new, custom configuration.
       -l  List all installed modules with their versions
       -L author [ author ... ]
           List the modules by the specified authors.
       -m  Make the specified modules.
       -M mirror1,mirror2,...
           A comma-separated list of mirrors to use for just this run. The
           "-P" option can find them for you automatically.
       -n  Do a dry run, but don't actually install anything. (unimplemented)
       -O  Show the out-of-date modules.
       -p  Ping the configured mirrors and print a report
       -P  Find the best mirrors you could be using and use them for the
           current session.
       -r  Recompiles dynamically loaded modules with CPAN::Shell->recompile.
       -s  Drop in the CPAN.pm shell. This command does this automatically if
           you don't specify any arguments.
       -t module [ module ... ]
           Run a `make test` on the specified modules.
       -T  Do not test modules. Simply install them.
       -u  Upgrade all installed modules. Blindly doing this can really break
           things, so keep a backup.
       -v  Print the script version and CPAN.pm version then exit.
       -V  Print detailed information about the cpan client.
       -w  UNIMPLEMENTED
           Turn on cpan warnings. This checks various things, like directory
           permissions, and tells you about problems you might have.
       -x module [ module ... ]
           Find close matches to the named modules that you think you might
           have mistyped. This requires the optional installation of
           Text::Levenshtein or Text::Levenshtein::Damerau.
       -X  Dump all the namespaces to standard output.
   Examples
               # print a help message
               cpan -h
               # print the version numbers
               cpan -v
               # create an autobundle
               cpan -a
               # recompile modules
               cpan -r
               # upgrade all installed modules
               cpan -u
               # install modules ( sole -i is optional )
               cpan -i Netscape::Booksmarks Business::ISBN
               # force install modules ( must use -i )
               cpan -fi CGI::Minimal URI
               # install modules but without testing them
               cpan -Ti CGI::Minimal URI
   Environment variables
       There are several components in CPAN.pm that use environment variables.
       The build tools, ExtUtils::MakeMaker and Module::Build use some, while
       others matter to the levels above them. Some of these are specified by
       the Perl Toolchain Gang:
       Lancaster Concensus:
       <https://github.com/Perl-Toolchain-Gang/toolchain-site/blob/master/lancaster-consensus.md>;
       Oslo Concensus:
       <https://github.com/Perl-Toolchain-Gang/toolchain-site/blob/master/oslo-consensus.md>;
       NONINTERACTIVE_TESTING
           Assume no one is paying attention and skips prompts for
           distributions that do that correctly. cpan(1) sets this to 1 unless
           it already has a value (even if that value is false).
       PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT
           Use the default answer for a prompted questions. cpan(1) sets this
           to 1 unless it already has a value (even if that value is false).
       CPAN_OPTS
           As with "PERL5OPTS", a string of additional cpan(1) options to add
           to those you specify on the command line.
       CPANSCRIPT_LOGLEVEL
           The log level to use, with either the embedded, minimal logger or
           Log::Log4perl if it is installed. Possible values are the same as
           the "Log::Log4perl" levels: "TRACE", "DEBUG", "INFO", "WARN",
           "ERROR", and "FATAL". The default is "INFO".
       GIT_COMMAND
           The path to the "git" binary to use for the Git features. The
           default is "/usr/local/bin/git".
   Methods
       run()
           Just do it.
           The "run" method returns 0 on success and a positive number on
           failure. See the section on EXIT CODES for details on the values.
           CPAN.pm sends all the good stuff either to STDOUT, or to a temp
           file if $CPAN::Be_Silent is set. I have to intercept that output so
           I can find out what happened.
           Stolen from File::Path::Expand
EXIT VALUES
       The script exits with zero if it thinks that everything worked, or a
       positive number if it thinks that something failed. Note, however, that
       in some cases it has to divine a failure by the output of things it
       does not control. For now, the exit codes are vague:
               1       An unknown error
               2       The was an external problem
               4       There was an internal problem with the script
               8       A module failed to install
TO DO
       * There is initial support for Log4perl if it is available, but I
       haven't gone through everything to make the NullLogger work out
       correctly if Log4perl is not installed.
       * When I capture CPAN.pm output, I need to check for errors and report
       them to the user.
       * Warnings switch
       * Check then exit
BUGS
       * none noted
SEE ALSO
       CPAN, App::cpanminus
SOURCE AVAILABILITY
       This code is in Github in the CPAN.pm repository:
               https://github.com/andk/cpanpm
       The source used to be tracked separately in another GitHub repo, but
       the canonical source is now in the above repo.
CREDITS
       Japheth Cleaver added the bits to allow a forced install ("-f").
       Jim Brandt suggest and provided the initial implementation for the up-
       to-date and Changes features.
       Adam Kennedy pointed out that "exit()" causes problems on Windows where
       this script ends up with a .bat extension
       David Golden helps integrate this into the "CPAN.pm" repos.
AUTHOR
       brian d foy, "<bdfoy AT cpan.org>"
COPYRIGHT
       Copyright (c) 2001-2015, brian d foy, All Rights Reserved.
       You may redistribute this under the same terms as Perl itself.
perl v5.26.3                      2024-04-06                      App::Cpan(3)