mysqld_safe(template) - phpMan

MYSQLD_SAFE(1)               MySQL Database System              MYSQLD_SAFE(1)

NAME
       mysqld_safe - MySQL server startup script
SYNOPSIS
       mysqld_safe options
DESCRIPTION
       mysqld_safe is the recommended way to start a mysqld server on Unix and
       NetWare.  mysqld_safe adds some safety features such as restarting the
       server when an error occurs and logging runtime information to an error
       log file. Descriptions of error logging and NetWare-specific behaviors
       are given later in this section.
           Note
           In MySQL 5.1.20 (only), the default error logging behavior with
           mysqld_safe is to write errors to syslog on systems that support
           the logger program. This differs from the default behavior of
           writing an error log file for other versions.
           In 5.1.20, logging to syslog may fail to operate correctly in some
           cases; if so, use --skip-syslog to use the default log file or
           --log-error=file_name to specify a log file name explicitly.
       mysqld_safe tries to start an executable named mysqld. To override the
       default behavior and specify explicitly the name of the server you want
       to run, specify a --mysqld or --mysqld-version option to mysqld_safe.
       You can also use --ledir to indicate the directory where mysqld_safe
       should look for the server.
       Many of the options to mysqld_safe are the same as the options to
       mysqld. See Section 5.1.2, "Server Command Options".
       Options unknown to mysqld_safe are passed to mysqld if they are
       specified on the command line, but ignored if they are specified in the
       [mysqld_safe] or [mariadb_safe] groups of an option file. See
       Section 4.2.3.3, "Using Option Files".
       mysqld_safe reads all options from the [mysqld], [server],
       [mysqld_safe], and [mariadb_safe] sections in option files. For
       example, if you specify a [mysqld] section like this, mysqld_safe will
       find and use the --log-error option:
           [mysqld]
           log-error=error.log
       For backward compatibility, mysqld_safe also reads [safe_mysqld]
       sections, although you should rename such sections to [mysqld_safe] in
       MySQL 5.1 installations.
       mysqld_safe supports the options in the following list. It also reads
       option files and supports the options for processing them described at
       Section 4.2.3.3.1, "Command-Line Options that Affect Option-File
       Handling".
       o   --help
           Display a help message and exit.
       o   --basedir=path
           The path to the MySQL installation directory.
       o   --core-file-size=size
           The size of the core file that mysqld should be able to create. The
           option value is passed to ulimit -c.
       o   --datadir=path
           The path to the data directory.
       o   --defaults-extra-file=path
           The name of an option file to be read in addition to the usual
           option files. This must be the first option on the command line if
           it is used. If the file does not exist or is otherwise
           inaccessible, the server will exit with an error.
       o   --defaults-file=file_name
           The name of an option file to be read instead of the usual option
           files. This must be the first option on the command line if it is
           used.
       o   --ledir=path
           If mysqld_safe cannot find the server, use this option to indicate
           the path name to the directory where the server is located.
       o   --log-error=file_name
           Write the error log to the given file. See Section 5.2.2, "The
           Error Log".
       o   --mysqld=prog_name
           The name of the server program (in the ledir directory) that you
           want to start. This option is needed if you use the MySQL binary
           distribution but have the data directory outside of the binary
           distribution. If mysqld_safe cannot find the server, use the
           --ledir option to indicate the path name to the directory where the
           server is located.
       o   --mysqld-version=suffix
           This option is similar to the --mysqld option, but you specify only
           the suffix for the server program name. The basename is assumed to
           be mysqld. For example, if you use --mysqld-version=debug,
           mysqld_safe starts the mysqld-debug program in the ledir directory.
           If the argument to --mysqld-version is empty, mysqld_safe uses
           mysqld in the ledir directory.
       o   --nice=priority
           Use the nice program to set the server's scheduling priority to the
           given value.
       o   --no-defaults
           Do not read any option files. This must be the first option on the
           command line if it is used.
       o   --open-files-limit=count
           The number of files that mysqld should be able to open. The option
           value is passed to ulimit -n. Note that you need to start
           mysqld_safe as root for this to work properly!
       o   --pid-file=file_name
           The path name of the process ID file.
       o   --port=port_num
           The port number that the server should use when listening for
           TCP/IP connections. The port number must be 1024 or higher unless
           the server is started by the root system user.
       o   --skip-kill-mysqld
           Do not try to kill stray mysqld processes at startup. This option
           works only on Linux.
       o   --socket=path
           The Unix socket file that the server should use when listening for
           local connections.
       o   --syslog, --skip-syslog
           --syslog causes error messages to be sent to syslog on systems that
           support the logger program.  --skip-syslog suppresses the use of
           syslog; messages are written to an error log file. These options
           were added in MySQL 5.1.20.
       o   --syslog-tag=tag
           For logging to syslog, messages from mysqld_safe and mysqld are
           written with a tag of mysqld_safe and mysqld, respectively. To
           specify a suffix for the tag, use --syslog-tag=tag, which modifies
           the tags to be mysqld_safe-tag and mysqld-tag. This option was
           added in MySQL 5.1.21.
       o   --timezone=timezone
           Set the TZ time zone environment variable to the given option
           value. Consult your operating system documentation for legal time
           zone specification formats.
       o   --user={user_name|user_id}
           Run the mysqld server as the user having the name user_name or the
           numeric user ID user_id. ("User" in this context refers to a system
           login account, not a MySQL user listed in the grant tables.)
       If you execute mysqld_safe with the --defaults-file or
       --defaults-extra-file option to name an option file, the option must be
       the first one given on the command line or the option file will not be
       used. For example, this command will not use the named option file:
           mysql> mysqld_safe --port=port_num --defaults-file=file_name
       Instead, use the following command:
           mysql> mysqld_safe --defaults-file=file_name --port=port_num
       The mysqld_safe script is written so that it normally can start a
       server that was installed from either a source or a binary distribution
       of MySQL, even though these types of distributions typically install
       the server in slightly different locations. (See Section 2.1.5,
       "Installation Layouts".)  mysqld_safe expects one of the following
       conditions to be true:
       o   The server and databases can be found relative to the working
           directory (the directory from which mysqld_safe is invoked). For
           binary distributions, mysqld_safe looks under its working directory
           for bin and data directories. For source distributions, it looks
           for libexec and var directories. This condition should be met if
           you execute mysqld_safe from your MySQL installation directory (for
           example, /usr/local/mysql for a binary distribution).
       o   If the server and databases cannot be found relative to the working
           directory, mysqld_safe attempts to locate them by absolute path
           names. Typical locations are /usr/local/libexec and /usr/local/var.
           The actual locations are determined from the values configured into
           the distribution at the time it was built. They should be correct
           if MySQL is installed in the location specified at configuration
           time.
       Because mysqld_safe tries to find the server and databases relative to
       its own working directory, you can install a binary distribution of
       MySQL anywhere, as long as you run mysqld_safe from the MySQL
       installation directory:
           shell> cd mysql_installation_directory
           shell> bin/mysqld_safe &
       If mysqld_safe fails, even when invoked from the MySQL installation
       directory, you can specify the --ledir and --datadir options to
       indicate the directories in which the server and databases are located
       on your system.
       When you use mysqld_safe to start mysqld, mysqld_safe arranges for
       error (and notice) messages from itself and from mysqld to go to the
       same destination.
       As of MySQL 5.1.20, there are several mysqld_safe options for
       controlling the destination of these messages:
       o   --syslog: Write error messages to syslog on systems that support
           the logger program.
       o   --skip-syslog: Do not write error messages to syslog. Messages are
           written to the default error log file (host_name.err in the data
           directory), or to a named file if the --log-error option is given.
       o   --log-error=file_name: Write error messages to the named error
           file.
       If none of these options is given, the default is --skip-syslog.
           Note
           In MySQL 5.1.20 only, the default is --syslog. This differs from
           logging behavior for other versions of MySQL, for which the default
           is to write messages to the default error log file.
       If --syslog and --log-error are both given, a warning is issued and
       --log-error takes precedence.
       When mysqld_safe writes a message, notices go to the logging
       destination (syslog or the error log file) and stdout. Errors go to the
       logging destination and stderr.
       Before MySQL 5.1.20, error logging is controlled only with the
       --log-error option. If it is given, messages go to the named error
       file. Otherwise, messages go to the default error file.
       Normally, you should not edit the mysqld_safe script. Instead,
       configure mysqld_safe by using command-line options or options in the
       [mysqld_safe] section of a my.cnf option file. In rare cases, it might
       be necessary to edit mysqld_safe to get it to start the server
       properly. However, if you do this, your modified version of mysqld_safe
       might be overwritten if you upgrade MySQL in the future, so you should
       make a copy of your edited version that you can reinstall.
       On NetWare, mysqld_safe is a NetWare Loadable Module (NLM) that is
       ported from the original Unix shell script. It starts the server as
       follows:
        1. Runs a number of system and option checks.
        2. Runs a check on MyISAM tables.
        3. Provides a screen presence for the MySQL server.
        4. Starts mysqld, monitors it, and restarts it if it terminates in
           error.
        5. Sends error messages from mysqld to the host_name.err file in the
           data directory.
        6. Sends mysqld_safe screen output to the host_name.safe file in the
           data directory.
COPYRIGHT
       Copyright 2007-2008 MySQL AB, 2008-2010 Sun Microsystems, Inc.
       This documentation is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
       modify it only under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
       published by the Free Software Foundation; version 2 of the License.
       This documentation is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
       but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
       MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
       General Public License for more details.
       You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
       with the program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
       51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1335 USA or see
       http://www.gnu.org/licenses/.

SEE ALSO
       For more information, please refer to the MySQL Reference Manual, which
       may already be installed locally and which is also available online at
       http://dev.mysql.com/doc/.
AUTHOR
       Sun Microsystems, Inc. (http://www.mysql.com/).

MySQL 5.1                         04/06/2010                    MYSQLD_SAFE(1)