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ICMP(7)                    Linux Programmer's Manual                   ICMP(7)

NAME
       icmp - Linux IPv4 ICMP kernel module.
DESCRIPTION
       This  kernel  protocol  module  implements the Internet Control Message
       Protocol defined in RFC 792.  It is used to signal error conditions and
       for  diagnosis.   The  user doesn't interact directly with this module;
       instead it communicates with the other  protocols  in  the  kernel  and
       these  pass the ICMP errors to the application layers.  The kernel ICMP
       module also answers ICMP requests.
       A user protocol may receive ICMP packets for all local sockets by open-
       ing  a  raw socket with the protocol IPPROTO_ICMP.  See raw(7) for more
       information.  The types of ICMP packets passed to  the  socket  can  be
       filtered  using the ICMP_FILTER socket option.  ICMP packets are always
       processed by the kernel too, even when passed to a user socket.
       Linux limits the rate  of  ICMP  error  packets  to  each  destination.
       ICMP_REDIRECT and ICMP_DEST_UNREACH are also limited by the destination
       route of the incoming packets.
   /proc interfaces
       ICMP supports a set of /proc interfaces to  configure  some  global  IP
       parameters.  The parameters can be accessed by reading or writing files
       in the directory /proc/sys/net/ipv4/.  Most  of  these  parameters  are
       rate  limitations  for  specific  ICMP  types.   Linux 2.2 uses a token
       bucket filter to limit ICMPs.  The value  is  the  timeout  in  jiffies
       until  the  token bucket filter is cleared after a burst.  A jiffy is a
       system dependent unit, usually 10ms on i386 and about 1ms on alpha  and
       ia64.
       icmp_destunreach_rate (Linux 2.2 to 2.4.9)
              Maximum rate to send ICMP Destination Unreachable packets.  This
              limits the rate at which packets  are  sent  to  any  individual
              route  or  destination.   The  limit  does not affect sending of
              ICMP_FRAG_NEEDED packets needed for path MTU discovery.
       icmp_echo_ignore_all (since Linux 2.2)
              If this value  is  nonzero,  Linux  will  ignore  all  ICMP_ECHO
              requests.
       icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts (since Linux 2.2)
              If  this value is nonzero, Linux will ignore all ICMP_ECHO pack-
              ets sent to broadcast addresses.
       icmp_echoreply_rate (Linux 2.2 to 2.4.9)
              Maximum rate for sending ICMP_ECHOREPLY packets in  response  to
              ICMP_ECHOREQUEST packets.
       icmp_errors_use_inbound_ifaddr (Boolean; default: disabled; since Linux
       2.6.12)
              If disabled, ICMP error  messages  are  sent  with  the  primary
              address of the exiting interface.
              If enabled, the message will be sent with the primary address of
              the interface that received the  packet  that  caused  the  ICMP
              error.   This  is  the behavior that many network administrators
              will expect from a router.  And it can  make  debugging  compli-
              cated network layouts much easier.
              Note  that  if  no  primary  address  exists  for  the interface
              selected, then the primary address  of  the  first  non-loopback
              interface that has one will be used regardless of this setting.
       icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses  (Boolean;  default:  disabled; since
       Linux 2.2)
              Some routers violate  RFC1122  by  sending  bogus  responses  to
              broadcast  frames.   Such  violations  are normally logged via a
              kernel warning.  If this parameter is enabled, the  kernel  will
              not give such warnings, which will avoid log file clutter.
       icmp_paramprob_rate (Linux 2.2 to 2.4.9)
              Maximum  rate  for  sending  ICMP_PARAMETERPROB  packets.  These
              packets are sent when  a  packet  arrives  with  an  invalid  IP
              header.
       icmp_ratelimit (integer; default: 1000; since Linux 2.4.10)
              Limit  the  maximum  rates  for  sending ICMP packets whose type
              matches icmp_ratemask (see below) to  specific  targets.   0  to
              disable  any  limiting,  otherwise  the  minimum  space  between
              responses in milliseconds.
       icmp_ratemask (integer; default: see below; since Linux 2.4.10)
              Mask made of ICMP types for which rates are being limited.
              Significant bits: IHGFEDCBA9876543210
              Default mask:     0000001100000011000 (0x1818)
              Bit   definitions   (see   the   Linux   kernel   source    file
              include/linux/icmp.h):

                   0 Echo Reply
                   3 Destination Unreachable *
                   4 Source Quench *
                   5 Redirect
                   8 Echo Request
                   B Time Exceeded *
                   C Parameter Problem *
                   D Timestamp Request
                   E Timestamp Reply
                   F Info Request
                   G Info Reply
                   H Address Mask Request
                   I Address Mask Reply
       The  bits  marked with an asterisk are rate limited by default (see the
       default mask above).
       icmp_timeexceed_rate (Linux 2.2 to 2.4.9)
              Maximum rate  for  sending  ICMP_TIME_EXCEEDED  packets.   These
              packets  are sent to prevent loops when a packet has crossed too
              many hops.
VERSIONS
       Support for the ICMP_ADDRESS request was removed in 2.2.
       Support for ICMP_SOURCE_QUENCH was removed in Linux 2.2.
NOTES
       As many other implementations don't support IPPROTO_ICMP  raw  sockets,
       this feature should not be relied on in portable programs.
       ICMP_REDIRECT  packets  are  not  sent  when  Linux  is not acting as a
       router.  They are also accepted only from the old  gateway  defined  in
       the routing table and the redirect routes are expired after some time.
       The  64-bit  timestamp  returned  by  ICMP_TIMESTAMP is in milliseconds
       since the Epoch, 1970-01-01 00:00:00 +0000 (UTC).
       Linux ICMP internally uses a raw socket to send ICMPs.  This raw socket
       may appear in netstat(8) output with a zero inode.
SEE ALSO
       ip(7)
       RFC 792 for a description of the ICMP protocol.
COLOPHON
       This  page  is  part of release 3.53 of the Linux man-pages project.  A
       description of the project, and information about reporting  bugs,  can
       be found at http://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/.

Linux                             2012-05-10                           ICMP(7)