Mail::SpamAssassin(images) - phpMan

Mail::SpamAssassin(3) User Contributed Perl DocumentationMail::SpamAssassin(3)

NAME
       Mail::SpamAssassin - Spam detector and markup engine
SYNOPSIS
         my $spamtest = Mail::SpamAssassin->new();
         my $mail = $spamtest->parse($message);
         my $status = $spamtest->check($mail);
         if ($status->is_spam()) {
           $message = $status->rewrite_mail();
         }
         else {
           ...
         }
         ...
         $status->finish();
         $mail->finish();
         $spamtest->finish();
DESCRIPTION
       Mail::SpamAssassin is a module to identify spam using several methods
       including text analysis, internet-based realtime blacklists,
       statistical analysis, and internet-based hashing algorithms.
       Using its rule base, it uses a wide range of heuristic tests on mail
       headers and body text to identify "spam", also known as unsolicited
       bulk email.  Once identified as spam, the mail can then be tagged as
       spam for later filtering using the user's own mail user agent
       application or at the mail transfer agent.
       If you wish to use a command-line filter tool, try the "spamassassin"
       or the "spamd"/"spamc" tools provided.
METHODS
       $t = Mail::SpamAssassin->new( { opt => val, ... } )
           Constructs a new "Mail::SpamAssassin" object.  You may pass a hash
           reference to the constructor which may contain the following
           attribute- value pairs.
           debug
               This is the debug options used to determine logging level.  It
               exists to allow sections of debug messages (called
               "facilities") to be enabled or disabled.  If this is a string,
               it is treated as a comma-delimited list of the debug
               facilities.  If it's a hash reference, then the keys are
               treated as the list of debug facilities and if it's a array
               reference, then the elements are treated as the list of debug
               facilities.
               There are also two special cases: (1) if the special case of
               "info" is passed as a debug facility, then all informational
               messages are enabled; (2) if the special case of "all" is
               passed as a debug facility, then all debugging facilities are
               enabled.
           rules_filename
               The filename/directory to load spam-identifying rules from.
               (optional)
           site_rules_filename
               The filename/directory to load site-specific spam-identifying
               rules from.  (optional)
           userprefs_filename
               The filename to load preferences from. (optional)
           userstate_dir
               The directory user state is stored in. (optional)
           config_tree_recurse
               Set to 1 to recurse through directories when reading
               configuration files, instead of just reading a single level.
               (optional, default 0)
           config_text
               The text of all rules and preferences.  If you prefer not to
               load the rules from files, read them in yourself and set this
               instead.  As a result, this will override the settings for
               "rules_filename", "site_rules_filename", and
               "userprefs_filename".
           pre_config_text
               Similar to "config_text", this text is placed before
               config_text to allow an override of config files.
           post_config_text
               Similar to "config_text", this text is placed after config_text
               to allow an override of config files.
           force_ipv4
               If set to 1, DNS or other network tests will prefer IPv4 and
               not attempt to use IPv6. Use if the existing tests for IPv6
               availability produce incorrect results or crashes.
           force_ipv6
               For symmetry with force_ipv4: if set to 1, DNS or other network
               tests will prefer IPv6 and not attempt to use IPv4. Some
               plugins may disregard this setting and use whatever protocol
               family they are comfortable with.
           require_rules
               If set to 1, init() will die if no valid rules could be loaded.
               This is the default behaviour when called by "spamassassin" or
               "spamd".
           languages_filename
               If you want to be able to use the language-guessing rule
               "UNWANTED_LANGUAGE_BODY", and are using "config_text" instead
               of "rules_filename", "site_rules_filename", and
               "userprefs_filename", you will need to set this.  It should be
               the path to the languages file normally found in the
               SpamAssassin rules directory.
           local_tests_only
               If set to 1, no tests that require internet access will be
               performed. (default: 0)
           need_tags
               The option provides a way to avoid more expensive processing
               when it is known in advance that some information will not be
               needed by a caller.
               A value of the option can either be a string (a comma-delimited
               list of tag names), or a reference to a list of individual tag
               names. A caller may provide the list in advance, specifying his
               intention to later collect the information through
               $pms->get_tag() calls. If a name of a tag starts with a 'NO'
               (case insensitive), it shows that a caller will not be
               interested in such tag, although there is no guarantee it would
               save any resources, nor that a tag value will be empty.
               Currently no built-in tags start with 'NO'. A later entry
               overrides previous one, e.g. ASN,NOASN,ASN,TIMING,NOASN is
               equivalent to TIMING,NOASN.
               For backward compatibility, all tags available as of version
               3.2.4 will be available by default (unless disabled by NOtag),
               even if not requested through need_tags option. Future versions
               may provide new tags conditionally available.
               Currently the only tag that needs to be explicitly requested is
               'TIMING'.  Not requesting it can save a millisecond or two - it
               mostly serves to illustrate the usage of need_tags.
               Example:
                 need_tags =>
               'TIMING,noLANGUAGES,RELAYCOUNTRY,ASN,noASNCIDR', or:
                 need_tags => [qw(TIMING noLANGUAGES RELAYCOUNTRY ASN
               noASNCIDR)],
           ignore_site_cf_files
               If set to 1, any rule files found in the "site_rules_filename"
               directory will be ignored.  *.pre files (used for loading
               plugins) found in the "site_rules_filename" directory will
               still be used. (default: 0)
           dont_copy_prefs
               If set to 1, the user preferences file will not be created if
               it doesn't already exist. (default: 0)
           save_pattern_hits
               If set to 1, the patterns hit can be retrieved from the
               "Mail::SpamAssassin::PerMsgStatus" object.  Used for debugging.
           home_dir_for_helpers
               If set, the HOME environment variable will be set to this value
               when using test applications that require their configuration
               data, such as Razor, Pyzor and DCC.
           username
               If set, the "username" attribute will use this as the current
               user's name.  Otherwise, the default is taken from the runtime
               environment (ie. this process' effective UID under UNIX).
           skip_prng_reseeding
               If skip_prng_reseeding is set to true, the SpamAssassin library
               will not call srand() to reseed a pseudo-random number
               generator (PRNG). The srand() Perl function should be called
               during initialization of each child process, soon after
               forking.
               Prior to version 3.4.0, calling srand() was handled by the
               SpamAssassin library.
               This setting requires the caller to decide when to call
               srand().  This choice may be desired to preserve the entropy of
               a PRNG.  The default value of skip_prng_reseeding is false to
               maintain backward compatibility.
               This option should only be set by a caller if it calls srand()
               upon spawning child processes.  Unless you are certain you need
               it, leave this setting as false.
               NOTE: The skip_prng_reseeding feature is implemented in spamd
               as of 3.4.0 which allows spamd to call srand() right after
               forking a child process.
           If none of "rules_filename", "site_rules_filename",
           "userprefs_filename", or "config_text" is set, the
           "Mail::SpamAssassin" module will search for the configuration files
           in the usual installed locations using the below variable
           definitions which can be passed in.
           PREFIX
               Used as the root for certain directory paths such as:
                 '__prefix__/etc/mail/spamassassin'
                 '__prefix__/etc/spamassassin'
               Defaults to "@@PREFIX@@".
           DEF_RULES_DIR
               Location where the default rules are installed.  Defaults to
               "@@DEF_RULES_DIR@@".
           LOCAL_RULES_DIR
               Location where the local site rules are installed.  Defaults to
               "@@LOCAL_RULES_DIR@@".
           LOCAL_STATE_DIR
               Location of the local state directory, mainly used for
               installing updates via "sa-update" and compiling rulesets to
               native code.  Defaults to "@@LOCAL_STATE_DIR@@".
       parse($message, $parse_now [, $suppl_attrib])
           Parse will return a Mail::SpamAssassin::Message object with just
           the headers parsed.  When calling this function, there are two
           optional parameters that can be passed in: $message is either undef
           (which will use STDIN), a scalar - a string containing an entire
           message, a reference to such string, an array reference of the
           message with one line per array element, or either a file glob or
           an IO::File object which holds the entire contents of the message;
           and $parse_now, which specifies whether or not to create a MIME
           tree at parse time or later as necessary.
           The $parse_now option, by default, is set to false (0).  This
           allows SpamAssassin to not have to generate the tree of internal
           data nodes if the information is not going to be used.  This is
           handy, for instance, when running "spamassassin -d", which only
           needs the pristine header and body which is always parsed and
           stored by this function.
           The optional last argument $suppl_attrib provides a way for a
           caller to pass additional information about a message to
           SpamAssassin. It is either undef, or a ref to a hash where each
           key/value pair provides some supplementary attribute of the
           message, typically information that cannot be deduced from the
           message itself, or is hard to do so reliably, or would represent
           unnecessary work for SpamAssassin to obtain it. The argument will
           be stored to a Mail::SpamAssassin::Message object as
           'suppl_attrib', thus made available to the rest of the code as well
           as to plugins. The exact list of attributes will evolve through
           time, any unknown attribute should be ignored. Possible examples
           are: SMTP envelope information, a flag indicating that a message as
           supplied by a caller was truncated due to size limit, an already
           verified list of DKIM signature objects, or perhaps a list of rule
           hits predetermined by a caller, which makes another possible way
           for a caller to provide meta information (instead of having to
           insert made-up header fields in order to pass information), or
           maybe just plain rule hits.
           For more information, please see the "Mail::SpamAssassin::Message"
           and "Mail::SpamAssassin::Message::Node" POD.
       $status = $f->check ($mail)
           Check a mail, encapsulated in a "Mail::SpamAssassin::Message"
           object, to determine if it is spam or not.
           Returns a "Mail::SpamAssassin::PerMsgStatus" object which can be
           used to test or manipulate the mail message.
           Note that the "Mail::SpamAssassin" object can be re-used for
           further messages without affecting this check; in OO terminology,
           the "Mail::SpamAssassin" object is a "factory".   However, if you
           do this, be sure to call the "finish()" method on the status
           objects when you're done with them.
       $status = $f->check_message_text ($mailtext)
           Check a mail, encapsulated in a plain string $mailtext, to
           determine if it is spam or not.
           Otherwise identical to "check()" above.
       $status = $f->learn ($mail, $id, $isspam, $forget)
           Learn from a mail, encapsulated in a "Mail::SpamAssassin::Message"
           object.
           If $isspam is set, the mail is assumed to be spam, otherwise it
           will be learnt as non-spam.
           If $forget is set, the attributes of the mail will be removed from
           both the non-spam and spam learning databases.
           $id is an optional message-identification string, used internally
           to tag the message.  If it is "undef", the Message-Id of the
           message will be used.  It should be unique to that message.
           Returns a "Mail::SpamAssassin::PerMsgLearner" object which can be
           used to manipulate the learning process for each mail.
           Note that the "Mail::SpamAssassin" object can be re-used for
           further messages without affecting this check; in OO terminology,
           the "Mail::SpamAssassin" object is a "factory".   However, if you
           do this, be sure to call the "finish()" method on the learner
           objects when you're done with them.
           "learn()" and "check()" can be run using the same factory.
           "init_learner()" must be called before using this method.
       $f->init_learner ( [ { opt => val, ... } ] )
           Initialise learning.  You may pass the following attribute-value
           pairs to this method.
           caller_will_untie
               Whether or not the code calling this method will take care of
               untie'ing from the Bayes databases (by calling
               "finish_learner()") (optional, default 0).
           force_expire
               Should an expiration run be forced to occur immediately?
               (optional, default 0).
           learn_to_journal
               Should learning data be written to the journal, instead of
               directly to the databases? (optional, default 0).
           wait_for_lock
               Whether or not to wait a long time for locks to complete
               (optional, default 0).
           opportunistic_expire_check_only
               During the opportunistic journal sync and expire check, don't
               actually do the expire but report back whether or not it should
               occur (optional, default 0).
           no_relearn
               If doing a learn operation, and the message has already been
               learned as the opposite type, don't re-learn the message.
       $f->rebuild_learner_caches ({ opt => val })
           Rebuild any cache databases; should be called after the learning
           process.  Options include: "verbose", which will output diagnostics
           to "stdout" if set to 1.
       $f->finish_learner ()
           Finish learning.
       $f->dump_bayes_db()
           Dump the contents of the Bayes DB
       $f->signal_user_changed ( [ { opt => val, ... } ] )
           Signals that the current user has changed (possibly using
           "setuid"), meaning that SpamAssassin should close any per-user
           databases it has open, and re-open using ones appropriate for the
           new user.
           Note that this should be called after reading any per-user
           configuration, as that data may override some paths opened in this
           method.  You may pass the following attribute-value pairs:
           username
               The username of the user.  This will be used for the "username"
               attribute.
           user_dir
               A directory to use as a 'home directory' for the current user's
               data, overriding the system default.  This directory must be
               readable and writable by the process.  Note that the resulting
               "userstate_dir" will be the ".spamassassin" subdirectory of
               this dir.
           userstate_dir
               A directory to use as a directory for the current user's data,
               overriding the system default.  This directory must be readable
               and writable by the process.  The default is
               "user_dir/.spamassassin".
       $f->report_as_spam ($mail, $options)
           Report a mail, encapsulated in a "Mail::SpamAssassin::Message"
           object, as human-verified spam.  This will submit the mail message
           to live, collaborative, spam-blocker databases, allowing other
           users to block this message.
           It will also submit the mail to SpamAssassin's Bayesian learner.
           Options is an optional reference to a hash of options.  Currently
           these can be:
           dont_report_to_dcc
               Inhibits reporting of the spam to DCC.
           dont_report_to_pyzor
               Inhibits reporting of the spam to Pyzor.
           dont_report_to_razor
               Inhibits reporting of the spam to Razor.
           dont_report_to_spamcop
               Inhibits reporting of the spam to SpamCop.
       $f->revoke_as_spam ($mail, $options)
           Revoke a mail, encapsulated in a "Mail::SpamAssassin::Message"
           object, as human-verified ham (non-spam).  This will revoke the
           mail message from live, collaborative, spam-blocker databases,
           allowing other users to block this message.
           It will also submit the mail to SpamAssassin's Bayesian learner as
           nonspam.
           Options is an optional reference to a hash of options.  Currently
           these can be:
           dont_report_to_razor
               Inhibits revoking of the spam to Razor.
       $f->add_address_to_whitelist ($addr, $cli_p)
           Given a string containing an email address, add it to the automatic
           whitelist database.
           If $cli_p is set then underlying plugin may give visual feedback on
           additions/failures.
       $f->add_all_addresses_to_whitelist ($mail, $cli_p)
           Given a mail message, find as many addresses in the usual headers
           (To, Cc, From etc.), and the message body, and add them to the
           automatic whitelist database.
           If $cli_p is set then underlying plugin may give visual feedback on
           additions/failures.
       $f->remove_address_from_whitelist ($addr, $cli_p)
           Given a string containing an email address, remove it from the
           automatic whitelist database.
           If $cli_p is set then underlying plugin may give visual feedback on
           additions/failures.
       $f->remove_all_addresses_from_whitelist ($mail, $cli_p)
           Given a mail message, find as many addresses in the usual headers
           (To, Cc, From etc.), and the message body, and remove them from the
           automatic whitelist database.
           If $cli_p is set then underlying plugin may give visual feedback on
           additions/failures.
       $f->add_address_to_blacklist ($addr, $cli_p)
           Given a string containing an email address, add it to the automatic
           whitelist database with a high score, effectively blacklisting
           them.
           If $cli_p is set then underlying plugin may give visual feedback on
           additions/failures.
       $f->add_all_addresses_to_blacklist ($mail, $cli_p)
           Given a mail message, find addresses in the From headers and add
           them to the automatic whitelist database with a high score,
           effectively blacklisting them.
           Note that To and Cc addresses are not used.
           If $cli_p is set then underlying plugin may give visual feedback on
           additions/failures.
       $text = $f->remove_spamassassin_markup ($mail)
           Returns the text of the message, with any SpamAssassin-added text
           (such as the report, or X-Spam-Status headers) stripped.
           Note that the $mail object is not modified.
           Warning: if the input message in $mail contains a mixture of CR-LF
           (Windows-style) and LF (UNIX-style) line endings, it will be
           "canonicalized" to use one or the other consistently throughout.
       $f->read_scoreonly_config ($filename)
           Read a configuration file and parse user preferences from it.
           User preferences are as defined in the "Mail::SpamAssassin::Conf"
           manual page.  In other words, they include scoring options, scores,
           whitelists and blacklists, and so on, but do not include rule
           definitions, privileged settings, etc. unless "allow_user_rules" is
           enabled; and they never include the administrator settings.
       $f->load_scoreonly_sql ($username)
           Read configuration paramaters from SQL database and parse scores
           from it.  This will only take effect if the perl "DBI" module is
           installed, and the configuration parameters "user_scores_dsn",
           "user_scores_sql_username", and "user_scores_sql_password" are set
           correctly.
           The username in $username will also be used for the "username"
           attribute of the Mail::SpamAssassin object.
       $f->load_scoreonly_ldap ($username)
           Read configuration paramaters from an LDAP server and parse scores
           from it.  This will only take effect if the perl "Net::LDAP" and
           "URI" modules are installed, and the configuration parameters
           "user_scores_dsn", "user_scores_ldap_username", and
           "user_scores_ldap_password" are set correctly.
           The username in $username will also be used for the "username"
           attribute of the Mail::SpamAssassin object.
       $f->set_persistent_address_list_factory ($factoryobj)
           Set the persistent address list factory, used to create objects for
           the automatic whitelist algorithm's persistent-storage back-end.
           See "Mail::SpamAssassin::PersistentAddrList" for the API these
           factory objects must implement, and the API the objects they
           produce must implement.
       $f->compile_now ($use_user_prefs, $keep_userstate)
           Compile all patterns, load all configuration files, and load all
           possibly-required Perl modules.
           Normally, Mail::SpamAssassin uses lazy evaluation where possible,
           but if you plan to fork() or start a new perl interpreter thread to
           process a message, this is suboptimal, as each process/thread will
           have to perform these actions.
           Call this function in the master thread or process to perform the
           actions straightaway, so that the sub-processes will not have to.
           If $use_user_prefs is 0, this will initialise the SpamAssassin
           configuration without reading the per-user configuration file and
           it will assume that you will call "read_scoreonly_config" at a
           later point.
           If $keep_userstate is true, compile_now() will revert any
           configuration options which have a default with __userstate__ in it
           post-init(), and then re-change the option before returning.  This
           lets you change $ENV{'HOME'} to a temp directory, have
           compile_now() and create any files there as necessary without
           disturbing the actual files as changed by a configuration option.
           By default, this is disabled.
       $f->debug_diagnostics ()
           Output some diagnostic information, useful for debugging
           SpamAssassin problems.
       $failed = $f->lint_rules ()
           Syntax-check the current set of rules.  Returns the number of
           syntax errors discovered, or 0 if the configuration is valid.
       $f->finish()
           Destroy this object, so that it will be garbage-collected once it
           goes out of scope.  The object will no longer be usable after this
           method is called.
       $fullpath = $f->find_rule_support_file ($filename)
           Find a rule-support file, such as "languages" or "triplets.txt", in
           the system-wide rules directory, and return its full path if it
           exists, or undef if it doesn't exist.
           (This API was added in SpamAssassin 3.1.1.)
       $f->create_default_prefs ($filename, $username [ , $userdir ] )
           Copy default preferences file into home directory for later use and
           modification, if it does not already exist and "dont_copy_prefs" is
           not set.
       $f->copy_config ( [ $source ], [ $dest ] )
           Used for daemons to keep a persistent Mail::SpamAssassin object's
           configuration correct if switching between users.  Pass an
           associative array reference as either $source or $dest, and set the
           other to 'undef' so that the object will use its current
           configuration.  i.e.:
             # create object w/ configuration
             my $spamtest = Mail::SpamAssassin->new( ... );
             # backup configuration to %conf_backup
             my %conf_backup;
             $spamtest->copy_config(undef, \%conf_backup) ||
               die "config: error returned from copy_config!\n";
             ... do stuff, perhaps modify the config, etc ...
             # reset the configuration back to the original
             $spamtest->copy_config(\%conf_backup, undef) ||
               die "config: error returned from copy_config!\n";
           Note that the contents of the associative arrays should be
           considered opaque by calling code.
       @plugins = $f->get_loaded_plugins_list ( )
           Return the list of plugins currently loaded by this SpamAssassin
           object's configuration; each entry in the list is an object of type
           "Mail::SpamAssassin::Plugin".
           (This API was added in SpamAssassin 3.2.0.)
PREREQUISITES
       "HTML::Parser" "Sys::Syslog"
MORE DOCUMENTATION
       See also <http://spamassassin.apache.org/>; and
       <http://wiki.apache.org/spamassassin/>; for more information.
SEE ALSO
       Mail::SpamAssassin::Conf(3) Mail::SpamAssassin::PerMsgStatus(3)
       spamassassin(1) sa-update(1)
BUGS
       See <http://issues.apache.org/SpamAssassin/>;
AUTHORS
       The SpamAssassin(tm) Project <http://spamassassin.apache.org/>;
COPYRIGHT
       SpamAssassin is distributed under the Apache License, Version 2.0, as
       described in the file "LICENSE" included with the distribution.
AVAILABILITY
       The latest version of this library is likely to be available from CPAN
       as well as:
         E<lt>http://spamassassin.apache.org/E<gt>;

perl v5.16.3                      2014-02-07             Mail::SpamAssassin(3)