GIT-LS-FILES(1) Git Manual GIT-LS-FILES(1)
NAME
git-ls-files - Show information about files in the index and the
working tree
SYNOPSIS
git ls-files [-z] [-t] [-v]
(--[cached|deleted|others|ignored|stage|unmerged|killed|modified])*
(-[c|d|o|i|s|u|k|m])*
[-x <pattern>|--exclude=<pattern>]
[-X <file>|--exclude-from=<file>]
[--exclude-per-directory=<file>]
[--exclude-standard]
[--error-unmatch] [--with-tree=<tree-ish>]
[--full-name] [--abbrev] [--] [<file>...]
DESCRIPTION
This merges the file listing in the directory cache index with the
actual working directory list, and shows different combinations of the
two.
One or more of the options below may be used to determine the files
shown:
OPTIONS
-c, --cached
Show cached files in the output (default)
-d, --deleted
Show deleted files in the output
-m, --modified
Show modified files in the output
-o, --others
Show other (i.e. untracked) files in the output
-i, --ignored
Show only ignored files in the output. When showing files in the
index, print only those matched by an exclude pattern. When showing
"other" files, show only those matched by an exclude pattern.
-s, --stage
Show staged contents' object name, mode bits and stage number in
the output.
--directory
If a whole directory is classified as "other", show just its name
(with a trailing slash) and not its whole contents.
--no-empty-directory
Do not list empty directories. Has no effect without --directory.
-u, --unmerged
Show unmerged files in the output (forces --stage)
-k, --killed
Show files on the filesystem that need to be removed due to
file/directory conflicts for checkout-index to succeed.
-z
\0 line termination on output.
-x <pattern>, --exclude=<pattern>
Skip untracked files matching pattern. Note that pattern is a shell
wildcard pattern. See EXCLUDE PATTERNS below for more information.
-X <file>, --exclude-from=<file>
Read exclude patterns from <file>; 1 per line.
--exclude-per-directory=<file>
Read additional exclude patterns that apply only to the directory
and its subdirectories in <file>.
--exclude-standard
Add the standard Git exclusions: .git/info/exclude, .gitignore in
each directory, and the user's global exclusion file.
--error-unmatch
If any <file> does not appear in the index, treat this as an error
(return 1).
--with-tree=<tree-ish>
When using --error-unmatch to expand the user supplied <file> (i.e.
path pattern) arguments to paths, pretend that paths which were
removed in the index since the named <tree-ish> are still present.
Using this option with -s or -u options does not make any sense.
-t
This feature is semi-deprecated. For scripting purpose, git-
status(1)--porcelain and git-diff-files(1)--name-status are almost
always superior alternatives, and users should look at git-
status(1)--short or git-diff(1)--name-status for more user-friendly
alternatives.
This option identifies the file status with the following tags
(followed by a space) at the start of each line:
H
cached
S
skip-worktree
M
unmerged
R
removed/deleted
C
modified/changed
K
to be killed
?
other
-v
Similar to -t, but use lowercase letters for files that are marked
as assume unchanged (see git-update-index(1)).
--full-name
When run from a subdirectory, the command usually outputs paths
relative to the current directory. This option forces paths to be
output relative to the project top directory.
--abbrev[=<n>]
Instead of showing the full 40-byte hexadecimal object lines, show
only a partial prefix. Non default number of digits can be
specified with --abbrev=<n>.
--debug
After each line that describes a file, add more data about its
cache entry. This is intended to show as much information as
possible for manual inspection; the exact format may change at any
time.
--
Do not interpret any more arguments as options.
<file>
Files to show. If no files are given all files which match the
other specified criteria are shown.
OUTPUT
git ls-files just outputs the filenames unless --stage is specified in
which case it outputs:
[<tag> ]<mode> <object> <stage> <file>
git ls-files --unmerged and git ls-files --stage can be used to examine
detailed information on unmerged paths.
For an unmerged path, instead of recording a single mode/SHA-1 pair,
the index records up to three such pairs; one from tree O in stage 1, A
in stage 2, and B in stage 3. This information can be used by the user
(or the porcelain) to see what should eventually be recorded at the
path. (see git-read-tree(1) for more information on state)
When -z option is not used, TAB, LF, and backslash characters in
pathnames are represented as \t, \n, and \\, respectively.
EXCLUDE PATTERNS
git ls-files can use a list of "exclude patterns" when traversing the
directory tree and finding files to show when the flags --others or
--ignored are specified. gitignore(5) specifies the format of exclude
patterns.
These exclude patterns come from these places, in order:
1. The command line flag --exclude=<pattern> specifies a single
pattern. Patterns are ordered in the same order they appear in the
command line.
2. The command line flag --exclude-from=<file> specifies a file
containing a list of patterns. Patterns are ordered in the same
order they appear in the file.
3. The command line flag --exclude-per-directory=<name> specifies a
name of the file in each directory git ls-files examines, normally
.gitignore. Files in deeper directories take precedence. Patterns
are ordered in the same order they appear in the files.
A pattern specified on the command line with --exclude or read from the
file specified with --exclude-from is relative to the top of the
directory tree. A pattern read from a file specified by
--exclude-per-directory is relative to the directory that the pattern
file appears in.
SEE ALSO
git-read-tree(1), gitignore(5)
GIT
Part of the git(1) suite
Git 1.8.3.1 07/30/2024 GIT-LS-FILES(1)
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