MCRYPT(feed) - phpMan

MCRYPT(3)                  Library Functions Manual                  MCRYPT(3)

NAME
       libmcrypt - encryption/decryption library
SYNOPSIS
       [see also mcrypt.h for more information]
DESCRIPTION
       The libmcrypt is a data encryption library.  The library is thread safe
       and provides encryption and decryption functions.  This version of  the
       library  supports many encryption algorithms and encryption modes. Some
       algorithms which are supported: SERPENT, RIJNDAEL, 3DES, GOST,  SAFER+,
       CAST-256, RC2, XTEA, 3WAY, TWOFISH, BLOWFISH, ARCFOUR, WAKE and more.
       OFB, CBC, ECB, nOFB, nCFB and CFB are the modes that all algorithms may
       function.  ECB, CBC, encrypt in blocks but CTR, nCFB, nOFB, CFB and OFB
       in  bytes (streams).  Note that CFB and OFB in the rest of the document
       represent the "8bit CFB or OFB" mode.  nOFB and nCFB modes represents a
       n-bit  OFB/CFB mode, n is used to represent the algorithm's block size.
       The library supports an extra STREAM mode to include some stream  algo-
       rithms like WAKE or ARCFOUR.
       In  this  version  of the library all modes and algorithms are modular,
       which means that the algorithm and the  mode  is  loaded  at  run-time.
       This way you can add algorithms and modes faster, and much easier.
       LibMcrypt includes the following symmetric (block) algorithms:
       DES: The traditional DES algorithm designed by IBM and US NSA.  Uses 56
       bit key and 64 bit block. It is now considered a weak algorithm, due to
       its  small  key  size  (it  was  never intended for use with classified
       data).
       3DES or Triple DES: DES  but  with  multiple  (triple)  encryption.  It
       encrypts  the plaintext once, then decrypts it with the second key, and
       encrypts it again with the third key (outer cbc  mode  used  for  cbc).
       Much  better  than traditional DES since the key is now 168 bits (actu-
       ally the effective key length is 112 bits due to the meet-in-the-middle
       attack).
       CAST-128:  CAST  was  designed in Canada by Carlisle Adams and Stafford
       Tavares.  The original algorithm used a 64bit key and block. The  algo-
       rithm  here  is CAST-128 (also called CAST5) which has a 128bit key and
       64bit block size.
       CAST-256: CAST-256 was designed by Carlisle Adams. It  is  a  symmetric
       cipher  designed in accordance with the CAST design procedure. It is an
       extention of the CAST-128, having a 128 bit block size, and up  to  256
       bit key size.
       xTEA:  TEA  stands  for  the Tiny Encryption Algorithm. It is a feistel
       cipher designed by David Wheeler & Roger M. Needham.  The original  TEA
       was  intended  for use in applications where code size is at a premium,
       or where it is necessary for someone to remember the algorithm and code
       it on an arbitrary machine at a later time.  The algorithm used here is
       extended TEA and has a 128bit key size and 64bit block size.
       3-WAY: The 3way algorithm designed by Joan  Daemen.  It  uses  key  and
       block size of 96 bits.
       SKIPJACK:  SKIPJACK was designed by the US NSA. It was part of the ill-
       fated "Clipper" Escrowed Encryption Standard (EES) (FIPS 185) proposal.
       It operates on 64bit blocks and uses a key of 80 bits. SKIPJACK is pro-
       vided only as an extra module to libmcrypt.
       BLOWFISH: The Blowfish algorithm designed by Bruce Schneier. It is bet-
       ter and faster than DES. It can use a key up to 448 bits.
       TWOFISH:  Twofish  was  designed  by Bruce Schneier, Doug Whiting, John
       Kelsey, Chris Hall, David Wagner for Counterpane systems.  Intended  to
       be  highly  secure and highly flexible. It uses a 128bit block size and
       128,192,256 bit key size.  (Twofish is the default algorithm)
       LOKI97: LOKI97 was designed by Lawrie Brown and Josef Pieprzyk. It  has
       a 128-bit block length and a 256bit key schedule, which can be initial-
       ized using 128, 192 or 256 bit keys. It has evolved  from  the  earlier
       LOKI89  and LOKI91 64-bit block ciphers, with a strengthened key sched-
       ule and a larger keyspace.
       RC2: RC2 (RC stands for Rivest Cipher) was designed by Ron  Rivest.  It
       uses  block  size  of  64 bit and a key size from 8 to 1024 bits. It is
       optimized  for  16bit  microprocessors  (reflecting  its  age).  It  is
       described in the RFC2268.
       ARCFOUR:  RC4  was designed by Ron Rivest. For several years this algo-
       rithm was considered a trade secret and details were not available.  In
       September  1994 someone posted the source code in the cypherpunks mail-
       ing list. Although the source code is now available RC4 is  trademarked
       by  RSADSI  so  a  compatible  cipher  named ARCFOUR is included in the
       mcrypt distribution. It is a stream cipher and has  a  maximum  key  of
       2048 bits.
       RC6:  RC6  was  designed  by Ron Rivest for RSA labs. In mcrypt it uses
       block size of 128 bit and a key size of 128/192/256 bits.  Refer to RSA
       Labs and Ron Rivest for any copyright, patent or license issues for the
       RC6 algorithm. RC6 is provided only as an extra module to libmcrypt.
       RIJNDAEL: Rijndael is a block cipher, designed by Joan Daemen and  Vin-
       cent  Rijmen,  and  was approved for the USA's NIST Advanced Encryption
       Standard, FIPS-197.  The cipher has a variable  block  length  and  key
       length. Rijndael can be implemented very efficiently on a wide range of
       processors and in hardware. The design of Rijndael was strongly  influ-
       enced by the design of the block cipher Square.  There exist three ver-
       sions of this algorithm, namely: RIJNDAEL-128 (the AES winner) ,  RIJN-
       DAEL-192  ,  RIJNDAEL-256  The  numerals 128, 192 and 256 stand for the
       length of the block size.
       MARS: MARS is a 128-bit block cipher designed by IBM as a candidate for
       the  Advanced  Encryption  Standard.  Refer  to  IBM for any copyright,
       patent or license issues for the MARS algorithm. MARS is provided  only
       as an extra module to libmcrypt.
       PANAMA:  PANAMA  is  a  cryptographic module that can be used both as a
       cryptographic hash function and as a stream cipher. It designed by Joan
       Daemen and Craig Clapp. PANAMA (the stream cipher) is included in libm-
       crypt.
       WAKE: WAKE stands for Word Auto Key Encryption, and  is  an  encryption
       system  for  medium  speed  encryption  of blocks and of high security.
       WAKE was designed by David J. Wheeler. It is intended  to  be  fast  on
       most  computers  and  relies  on  repeated table use and having a large
       state space.
       SERPENT: Serpent is a 128-bit block cipher designed by  Ross  Anderson,
       Eli  Biham  and Lars Knudsen as a candidate for the Advanced Encryption
       Standard.  Serpent's design was limited to well understood  mechanisms,
       so  that  could rely on the wide experience of block cipher cryptanaly-
       sis, and achieve the highest  practical  level  of  assurance  that  no
       shortcut  attack will be found. Serpent has twice as many rounds as are
       necessary, to block all currently known shortcut attacks. Despite these
       exacting design constraints, Serpent is faster than DES.
       IDEA:  IDEA  stands for International Data Encryption Algorithm and was
       designed by Xuejia Lai and James Massey. It operates  on  64bit  blocks
       and  uses a key of 128 bits.  Refer to Ascom-Tech AG for any copyright,
       patent or license issues for the IDEA algorithm. IDEA is provided  only
       as an extra module to libmcrypt.
       ENIGMA  (UNIX  crypt):  A one-rotor machine designed along the lines of
       Enigma but considerable trivialized. Very easy to break for  a  skilled
       cryptanalyst.  I suggest against using it. Added just for completeness.
       GOST:  A former soviet union's algorithm. An acronym for "Gosudarstven-
       nyi Standard" or Government Standard. It uses a 256 bit key  and  a  64
       bit block.
        The  S-boxes  used here are described in the Applied Cryptography book
       by Bruce Schneier. They were used in an  application  for  the  Central
       Bank of the Russian Federation.
        Some  quotes  from  gost.c:  The  standard  is  written  by A. Zabotin
       (project leader), G.P. Glazkov, and V.B. Isaeva.  It was  accepted  and
       introduced  into  use by the action of the State Standards Committee of
       the USSR on 2 June 1989 as No. 1409.  It was to be  reviewed  in  1993,
       but  whether  anyone wishes to take on this obligation from the USSR is
       questionable.
        This code is based on the 25 November 1993 draft translation by  Alek-
       sandr Malchik, with Whitfield Diffie, of the Government Standard of the
       U.S.S.R.  GOST  28149-89,  "Cryptographic  Transformation   Algorithm",
       effective  1  July  1990.   (Whitfield.Diffie AT eng.com) Some details
       have been cleared up by the  paper  "Soviet  Encryption  Algorithm"  by
       Josef  Pieprzyk  and Leonid Tombak of the University of Wollongong, New
       South Wales.  (josef/leo AT cs.au)
       SAFER: SAFER (Secure And Fast Encryption Routine)  is  a  block  cipher
       developed  by Prof. J.L. Massey at the Swiss Federal Institute of Tech-
       nology.  There exist four versions of  this  algorithm,  namely:  SAFER
       K-64 , SAFER K-128 , SAFER SK-64 and SAFER SK-128.  The numerals 64 and
       128 stand for the length of the user-selected key, 'K' stands  for  the
       original key schedule and 'SK' stands for the strengthened key schedule
       (in which some of the "weaknesses" of the original  key  schedule  have
       been removed). In mcrypt only SAFER SK-64 and SAFER SK-128 are used.
       SAFER+:  SAFER+  was  designed  by  Prof.  J.L. Massey, Prof. Gurgen H.
       Khachatrian and Dr. Melsik K. Kuregian for Cylink. SAFER+ is  based  on
       the  existing  SAFER family of ciphers and provides for a block size of
       128bits and 128, 192 and 256 bits key length.

       A short description of the modes supported by libmcrypt:
       STREAM: The mode used with stream ciphers. In this mode  the  keystream
       from  the  cipher is XORed with the plaintext. Thus you should NOT ever
       use the same key.
       ECB: The Electronic CodeBook mode. It is the simplest mode to use  with
       a  block  cipher. Encrypts each block independently. It is a block mode
       so plaintext length should be a multiple of blocksize (n*blocksize).
       CBC: The Cipher Block Chaining mode. It is better than  ECB  since  the
       plaintext is XOR'ed with the previous ciphertext. A random block should
       be placed as the first block (IV) so the same block or messages  always
       encrypt  to something different. It is a block mode so plaintext length
       should be a multiple of blocksize (n*blocksize).
       CFB: The Cipher-Feedback Mode (in 8bit). This is  a  self-synchronizing
       stream cipher implemented from a block cipher. This is the best mode to
       use for encrypting strings or streams. This mode requires an IV.
       OFB: The Output-Feedback Mode (in 8bit). This is a  synchronous  stream
       cipher implemented from a block cipher. It is intended for use in noisy
       lines, because corrupted ciphertext blocks do not corrupt the plaintext
       blocks  that follow. Insecure (because used in 8bit mode) so it is rec-
       ommended not to use it. Added just for completeness.
       nOFB: The Output-Feedback Mode (in nbit). n Is the size of the block of
       the  algorithm.  This is a synchronous stream cipher implemented from a
       block cipher. It is intended for use in noisy lines, because  corrupted
       ciphertext blocks do not corrupt the plaintext blocks that follow. This
       mode operates in streams.
       nCFB: The Cipher-Feedback Mode (in nbit). n Is the size of the block of
       the  algorithm.  This is a self synchronizing stream cipher implemented
       from a block cipher. This mode operates in streams.
       CTR: The Counter Mode. This is a stream cipher implemented from a block
       cipher.  This  mode  uses  the cipher to encrypt a set of input blocks,
       called counters, to produce blocks that will be XORed with  the  plain-
       text.  In libmcrypt the counter is the given IV which is incremented at
       each step.  This mode operates in streams.
       Error Recovery in these modes: If bytes are removed or  lost  from  the
       file  or  stream  in  ECB,  CTR,  CBC  and OFB modes, are impossible to
       recover, although CFB and nCFB modes will recover. If  some  bytes  are
       altered then a full block of plaintext is affected in ECB, nOFB and CTR
       modes, two blocks in CBC, nCFB and CFB modes, but only the  correspond-
       ing byte in OFB mode.

       Encryption can be done as follows:
       A  call  to function: MCRYPT mcrypt_module_open( char *algorithm, char*
       algorithm_directory,                char* mode, char* mode_directory);
       This function associates the algorithm and  the  mode  specified.   The
       name  of the algorithm is specified in algorithm, eg "twofish", and the
       algorithm_directory is the directory where the algorithm is (it may  be
       null if it is the default). The same applies for the mode.  The library
       is closed by calling mcrypt_module_close(), but  you  should  not  call
       that  function  if  mcrypt_generic_end() is called before.  Normally it
       returns an encryption descriptor, or MCRYPT_FAILED on error.
       A call to function: int mcrypt_generic_init( MCRYPT td, void *key,  int
       lenofkey, void *IV);
       This function initializes all buffers for the specified thread The max-
       imum  value  of  lenofkey  should  be  the  one  obtained  by   calling
       mcrypt_get_key_size() and every value smaller than this is legal.  Note
       that Lenofkey should be specified in bytes not  bits.   The  IV  should
       normally  have  the  size  of  the  algorithms block size, but you must
       obtain the size by calling mcrypt_get_iv_size().  IV is ignored in ECB.
       IV  MUST  exist in CFB, CBC, STREAM, nOFB and OFB modes. It needs to be
       random and unique (but not secret).  The  same  IV  must  be  used  for
       encryption/decryption.   After  calling  this  function you can use the
       descriptor for encryption or decryption (not both).  Returns a negative
       value on error.
       To encrypt now call:
       int mcrypt_generic( MCRYPT td, void *plaintext, int len);
       This  is  the main encryption function. td is the encryption descriptor
       returned by mcrypt_generic_init(). Plaintext is the plaintext you  wish
       to encrypt and len should be the length (in bytes) of the plaintext and
       it should be k*algorithms_block_size if used in a mode  which  operated
       in  blocks  (cbc, ecb, nofb), or whatever when used in cfb or ofb which
       operate in streams.  The  plaintext  is  replaced  by  the  ciphertext.
       Returns 0 on success.
       To decrypt you can call:
       int mdecrypt_generic( MCRYPT td, void *ciphertext, int len);
       The  decryption  function.  It  is almost the same with mcrypt_generic.
       Returns 0 on success.
       When you're finished you should call:
       int mcrypt_generic_end( MCRYPT td);
       This  function  terminates  encryption  specified  by  the   encryption
       descriptor  (td).   Actually  it clears all buffers, and closes all the
       modules used.  Returns a negative value on  error.   This  function  is
       deprecated.    Use  mcrypt_generic_deinit()  and  mcrypt_module_close()
       instead.
       int mcrypt_generic_deinit( MCRYPT td);
       This  function  terminates  encryption  specified  by  the   encryption
       descriptor  (td).   Actually it clears all buffers. The difference with
       mcrypt_generic_end() is that this function does not close  the  modules
       used.  Thus  you should use mcrypt_module_close().  Using this function
       you gain in speed if you use the same modules for several  encryptions.
       Returns a negative value on error.
       int mcrypt_module_close( MCRYPT td);
       This function closes the modules used by the descriptor td.

       These  are  some extra functions that operate on modules that have been
       opened: These functions have the prefix mcrypt_enc_*.
       int mcrypt_enc_set_state(MCRYPT td, void *state, int size); This  func-
       tion sets the state of the algorithm. Can be used only with block algo-
       rithms and certain modes like CBC, CFB etc.  It is usefully if you want
       to  restart  or  start a different encryption quickly.  Returns zero on
       success. The state is the output of mcrypt_enc_get_state().
       int mcrypt_enc_get_state(MCRYPT td, void *state, int *size); This func-
       tion returns the state of the algorithm. Can be used only certain modes
       and algorithms. The size will hold the size of the state and the  state
       must have enough bytes to hold it.  Returns zero on success.
       int mcrypt_enc_self_test( MCRYPT td);
       This  function  runs  the  self  test on the algorithm specified by the
       descriptor td. If the self test succeeds it returns zero.
       int mcrypt_enc_is_block_algorithm_mode( MCRYPT td);
       Returns 1 if the mode is for use with block  algorithms,  otherwise  it
       returns 0. (eg. 0 for stream, and 1 for cbc, cfb, ofb)
       int mcrypt_enc_is_block_algorithm( MCRYPT td);
       Returns  1 if the algorithm is a block algorithm or 0 if it is a stream
       algorithm.
       int mcrypt_enc_is_block_mode( MCRYPT td);
       Returns 1 if the mode outputs blocks of bytes or 0 if it outputs bytes.
       (eg. 1 for cbc and ecb, and 0 for cfb and stream)
       int mcrypt_enc_get_block_size( MCRYPT td);
       Returns  the  block  size  of the algorithm specified by the encryption
       descriptor in bytes. The algorithm MUST  be  opened  using  mcrypt_mod-
       ule_open().
       int mcrypt_enc_get_key_size( MCRYPT td);
       Returns  the  maximum  supported key size of the algorithm specified by
       the encryption descriptor in bytes. The algorithm MUST be opened  using
       mcrypt_module_open().
       int* mcrypt_enc_get_supported_key_sizes( MCRYPT td, int* sizes)
       Returns  the  key  sizes  supported  by  the algorithm specified by the
       encryption descriptor.  If sizes is zero and returns NULL then all  key
       sizes  between  1  and mcrypt_get_key_size() are supported by the algo-
       rithm. If it is 1 then only the mcrypt_get_key_size() size is supported
       and  sizes[0]  is equal to it. If it is greater than 1 then that number
       specifies the number of elements in sizes which are the key sizes  that
       the algorithm supports. The returned value is allocated with malloc, so
       you should not forget to free it.
       int mcrypt_enc_get_iv_size( MCRYPT td);
       Returns size of the IV of the algorithm  specified  by  the  encryption
       descriptor  in  bytes.  The  algorithm MUST be opened using mcrypt_mod-
       ule_open().  If it is '0' then the IV is ignored in that algorithm.  IV
       is used in CBC, CFB, OFB modes, and in some algorithms in STREAM mode.
       int mcrypt_enc_mode_has_iv( MCRYPT td);
       Returns  1  if  the  mode needs an IV, 0 otherwise. Some 'stream' algo-
       rithms may need an IV even if the mode itself does not need an IV.
       char* mcrypt_enc_get_algorithms_name( MCRYPT td);
       Returns a character array containing the name of  the  algorithm.   The
       returned  value  is  allocated with malloc, so you should not forget to
       free it.
       char* mcrypt_enc_get_modes_name( MCRYPT td);
       Returns a character  array  containing  the  name  of  the  mode.   The
       returned  value  is  allocated with malloc, so you should not forget to
       free it.

       These are some extra functions that operate on modules: These functions
       have the prefix mcrypt_module_*.
       int mcrypt_module_self_test (char* algorithm, char* directory);
       This  function  runs  the  self test on the specified algorithm. If the
       self test succeeds it returns zero.
       int  mcrypt_module_is_block_algorithm_mode(  char*   algorithm,   char*
       directory);
       Returns  1  if  the mode is for use with block algorithms, otherwise it
       returns 0. (eg. 0 for stream, and 1 for cbc, cfb, ofb)
       int mcrypt_module_is_block_algorithm( char* mode, char* directory);
       Returns 1 if the algorithm is a block algorithm or 0 if it is a  stream
       algorithm.
       int mcrypt_module_is_block_mode( char* mode, char* directory);
       Returns 1 if the mode outputs blocks of bytes or 0 if it outputs bytes.
       (eg. 1 for cbc and ecb, and 0 for cfb and stream)
       int mcrypt_module_get_algo_block_size( char*  algorithm,  char*  direc-
       tory);
       Returns the block size of the algorithm.
       int mcrypt_module_get_algo_key_size( char* algorithm, char* directory);
       Returns the maximum supported key size of the algorithm.
       int* mcrypt_module_get_algo_supported_key_sizes( char* algorithm, char*
       directory, int* sizes);
       Returns the key sizes supported by the algorithm. If sizes is zero  and
       returns NULL then all key sizes between 1 and mcrypt_get_key_size() are
       supported  by   the   algorithm.   If   it   is   1   then   only   the
       mcrypt_get_key_size() size is supported and sizes[0] is equal to it. If
       it is greater than 1 then that number specifies the number of  elements
       in  sizes  which  are  the  key sizes that the algorithm supports. This
       function differs to mcrypt_enc_get_supported_key_sizes(),  because  the
       return value here is allocated (not static), thus it should be freed.

       char** mcrypt_list_algorithms ( char* libdir, int* size);
       Returns  a pointer to a character array containing all the mcrypt algo-
       rithms located in the libdir, or if it is NULL, in the  default  direc-
       tory.  The  size is the number of the character arrays.  The arrays are
       allocated internally and should be freed by using mcrypt_free_p().
       char** mcrypt_list_modes ( char* libdir, int *size);
       Returns a pointer to a character array containing all the mcrypt  modes
       located  in the libdir, or if it is NULL, in the default directory. The
       size is the number of the character arrays.  The arrays should be freed
       by using mcrypt_free_p().
       void mcrypt_free_p (char **p, int size);
       Frees the pointer to array returned by previous functions.
       void mcrypt_free (void *ptr);
       Frees the memory used by the pointer.
       void mcrypt_perror(int err);
       This function prints a human readable description of the error 'err' in
       the   stderr.    The   err   should   be   a    value    returned    by
       mcrypt_generic_init().
       const char* mcrypt_strerror(int err);
       This  function returns a human readable description of the error 'err'.
       The err should be a value returned by mcrypt_generic_init().
       int   mcrypt_mutex_register   (   void   (*mutex_lock)(void)   ,   void
       (*mutex_unlock)(void) );
       This  function  is  only  used in multithreaded application and only if
       compiled with dynamic module loading support.  This  is  actually  used
       internally  in libltdl. Except for the dynamic module loading libmcrypt
       is thread safe.

       Some example programs follow here. Compile as "cc prog.c -lmcrypt",  or
       "cc prog.c -lmcrypt -lltdl" depending on your installation.  Libltdl is
       used for opening dynamic libraries (modules).
       /* First example: Encrypts stdin to stdout using TWOFISH with 128 bit key and CFB */
       #include <mcrypt.h>
       #include <stdio.h>
       #include <stdlib.h>
       /* #include <mhash.h> */
       main() {
         MCRYPT td;
         int i;
         char *key;
         char password[20];
         char block_buffer;
         char *IV;
         int keysize=16; /* 128 bits */
         key=calloc(1, keysize);
         strcpy(password, "A_large_key");
       /* Generate the key using the password */
       /*  mhash_keygen( KEYGEN_MCRYPT, MHASH_MD5, key, keysize, NULL, 0, password, strlen(password));
        */
         memmove( key, password, strlen(password));
         td = mcrypt_module_open("twofish", NULL, "cfb", NULL);
         if (td==MCRYPT_FAILED) {
            return 1;
         }
         IV = malloc(mcrypt_enc_get_iv_size(td));
       /* Put random data in IV. Note these are not real random data,
        * consider using /dev/random or /dev/urandom.
        */
         /*  srand(time(0)); */
         for (i=0; i< mcrypt_enc_get_iv_size( td); i++) {
           IV[i]=rand();
         }
         i=mcrypt_generic_init( td, key, keysize, IV);
         if (i<0) {
            mcrypt_perror(i);
            return 1;
         }
         /* Encryption in CFB is performed in bytes */
         while ( fread (&block_buffer, 1, 1, stdin) == 1 ) {
             mcrypt_generic (td, &block_buffer, 1);
       /* Comment above and uncomment this to decrypt */
       /*    mdecrypt_generic (td, &block_buffer, 1);  */
             fwrite ( &block_buffer, 1, 1, stdout);
         }
       /* Deinit the encryption thread, and unload the module */
         mcrypt_generic_end(td);
         return 0;
       }

       /* Second Example: encrypts using CBC and SAFER+ with 192 bits key */
       #include <mcrypt.h>
       #include <stdio.h>
       #include <stdlib.h>
       main() {
         MCRYPT td;
         int i;
         char *key; /* created using mcrypt_gen_key */
         char *block_buffer;
         char *IV;
         int blocksize;
         int keysize = 24; /* 192 bits == 24 bytes */

         key = calloc(1, keysize);
         strcpy(key, "A_large_and_random_key");
         td = mcrypt_module_open("saferplus", NULL, "cbc", NULL);
         blocksize = mcrypt_enc_get_block_size(td);
         block_buffer = malloc(blocksize);
       /* but unfortunately this does not fill all the key so the rest bytes are
        * padded with zeros. Try to use large keys or convert them with mcrypt_gen_key().
        */
         IV=malloc(mcrypt_enc_get_iv_size(td));
       /* Put random data in IV. Note these are not real random data,
        * consider using /dev/random or /dev/urandom.
        */
       /* srand(time(0)); */
         for (i=0; i < mcrypt_enc_get_iv_size(td); i++) {
           IV[i]=rand();
         }
         mcrypt_generic_init( td, key, keysize, IV);
         /* Encryption in CBC is performed in blocks */
         while ( fread (block_buffer, 1, blocksize, stdin) == blocksize ) {
             mcrypt_generic (td, block_buffer, blocksize);
       /*      mdecrypt_generic (td, block_buffer, blocksize); */
             fwrite ( block_buffer, 1, blocksize, stdout);
         }
       /* deinitialize the encryption thread */
         mcrypt_generic_deinit (td);
       /* Unload the loaded module */
         mcrypt_module_close(td);
         return 0;
       }

       The library does not install any signal handler.
       Questions about libmcrypt should be sent to:
              mcrypt-dev AT lists.gr or, if  this  fails,  to  the  author
              addresses given below.  The mcrypt home page is:
              http://mcrypt.hellug.gr
AUTHORS
       Version  2.4  Copyright  (C) 1998-1999 Nikos Mavroyanopoulos (nmav@hel-
       lug.gr).
       Thanks to all the people who reported problems  and  suggested  various
       improvements for mcrypt; who are too numerous to cite here.
                                 10 March 2002                       MCRYPT(3)